The Development of Laser Safety Criteria—Biological Considerations

Sliney, David H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7320-3_7

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 220 publications

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“…[16][17][18] Measurement apertures and positioning of the apertures were later to become absolutely critical for applying the AELs when the measurement conditions for laser classification were developed and refined. There was concern as to how small an area over which the incident beam irradiance should be averaged for the eye and skin.…”

Section: A Aperture Specifications For Mpesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationale for laser classification measurement conditions

Sliney

Marshall

Brumage

2007

Journal of Laser Applications

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The basic concept of laser hazard classification with four fundamental risk groups and several subclasses is well understood by most laser users. However, many readers of laser safety standards are frequently puzzled by the rigid measurement conditions applied for hazard classification, even if this is normally a task performed by the laser manufacturer and not by a laser user or a Laser Safety Officer. The historical rationale for the measurement conditions is provided and it is emphasized that the aim of each measurement is to simulate a wide range of ocular exposure conditions that would be reasonably foreseeable worst-case viewing conditions during the use of the laser product. Measurements, if needed to compare human exposures with the maximum permissible exposure limits, emphasize actual exposure conditions and generally do not match the measurement used for hazard classification.

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Section: A Aperture Specifications For Mpesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationale for laser classification measurement conditions

Sliney

Marshall

Brumage

2007

Journal of Laser Applications

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“…We have approached this problem by (1) investigating the effects of ultrashort-pulse laser radiation on isolated biological macromolecular systems similar to constituents of living cells that are susceptible to damage and (2) comparing the results to data obtained from direct ocular damage experiments.…”

Section: Efeced1imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of laser radiation on various biological systems have been studied extensively for several years (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). The eye has been found to be particularly susceptible to damage by exposure to radiation ranging from the ultraviolet (UV) to the infrared (IR) portions of the optical spectrum (1)(2)(3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eye has been found to be particularly susceptible to damage by exposure to radiation ranging from the ultraviolet (UV) to the infrared (IR) portions of the optical spectrum (1)(2)(3). Depending on the wavelength of the laser radiation, ocular damage is most likely to occur in the cornea, the lens, or the chorioretinal tissues of the eye.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Damage Threshold Induced by Ultrashort Fundamental, 2nd, and 4th Harmonic Light Pulses from a Mode-Locked Nd: Glass Laser.

Bruckner¹,

Chang²

1980

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“…Retinal image size is given at half-peak-intensity points for theoretical diffraction limited eye (line) and for values derived from data ofKrauskopf (1962), b.;Amulf and Dupuy (1960), 0 ; van den Brink(Vos, 1966), X ;Westheimer and Campbell (1962), 0 ;Campbell and Green (1965), +;and Campbell and Gubisch (1966), e.All data are for white light, except Cambell and Green (632.8 nm) and theoretical curve (694.3 nm). Redrawn fromSliney (1971).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%