The Development of Infants' Perception of Object Movement Along Inclines

Kannass, Kathleen N.; Oakes, Lisa M.; Wiese, David

doi:10.1016/s0885-2014(99)00003-9

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Accuracy is revealed in their ability to accept physically natural events as correct and to reject non-natural events. This general finding is in line with prior literature on underlying recognition (Friedman, 2002;Howe et al, 2012Howe et al, , 2014 CHILDREN'S PREDICTIONS AND RECOGNITION OF FALL 13 Kaiser & Proffitt, 1984;Kaiser et al, 1992;Kannass et al, 1999;Kim & Spelke, 1992Naimi, 2011;Shanon, 1976), particularly with those of the studies that are concerned with children. More specifically, however, the findings suggest that children can correctly recognise dynamic events despite the central role object mass plays in the development of predictive beliefs about motion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…an explicit engagement with the structures is required. At the same time, a small but growing field of research suggests infants (Friedman, 2002;Kannass, Oakes, & Wiese, 1999;Kim & Spelke, 1992), children (Howe, Taylor Tavares, & Devine, 2012Kim & Spelke, 1999) and adults (Kaiser & Proffitt, 1984;Kaiser, Proffitt, Whelan, & Hecht, 1992;Naimi, 2011;Shanon, 1976) are able to recognise dynamic trajectories that are physically correct and to reject trajectories that appear unnatural to them, even if they are more likely to predict the unnatural events beforehand. Such recognition tasks may merely need to engage underlying tacit knowledge structures (Collins, 2010) structures set to provide quick responses without conscious awareness, by eliciting feelings of familiarity with events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Children’s predictions and recognition of fall: The role of object mass

Hast

Howe

2015

Cognitive Development

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A small but growing body of evidence suggests that alongside misconceptions in predictions about object motion, adults and children hold relevant underlying conceptions, reflected in recognition, which provide greater understanding of such events. However, the relationship between knowledge retrieved in predictions and in recognition is unclear. One significant element contributing to misconceptions about motion is object mass. This aspect was used to provide further insight into the knowledge relationship. Predictions and recognition of fall in 5-to 11-year-old children (N = 121) were addressed in the present study. The results suggest that children's recognition of object motion is far better than their expressed anticipation of such events, as they normally recognised correct events as correct and rejected incorrect ones yet predictions were typically in error. Response time data provide additional insight. The findings are discussed in relation to different models of knowledge representations, favouring a hybrid model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s predictions and recognition of fall: The role of object mass

Hast

Howe

2015

Cognitive Development

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“…This included their ability to accept the physically natural events as correct in around 75% – significantly above chance – of trials, as well as their ability to reject the non‐natural events to a similar degree. Overall, the high accuracy in recognition and the divergence from predictions found here is in line with previous studies examining tacit recognition of object motion (Friedman, ; Hast & Howe, ; Howe et al ., , ; Kaiser & Proffitt, ; Kaiser et al ., ; Kannass et al ., ; Kim & Spelke, , ; Naimi, ; Shanon, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These developmental changes in explicit conceptions indicate this topic provides a suitable opportunity to examine the relationship between explicit beliefs and tacit representations in more detail. Studies with infants afford first insight into this matter (Kannass et al, 1999;Kim & Spelke, 1992).…”

Section: Statement Of Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ‘a great deal of our commonsense knowledge, and there is a large amount of it, is tacit’ (Bliss, ; p. 123). Various studies have, in this context, demonstrated that across the lifespan infants (Friedman, ; Kannass, Oakes, & Wiese, ; Kim & Spelke, ), children (Hast & Howe, ; Howe, Taylor Tavares, & Devine, , ; Kim & Spelke, ), and adults (Kaiser & Proffitt, ; Kaiser, Profitt, Whelan, & Hecht, ; Naimi, ; Shanon, ) possess the ability to recognize physically correct motion trajectories and reject those that do not appear to be natural, even if the non‐natural trajectories had been predicted in an explicit manner. These tasks may merely need to engage tacit knowledge structures set to provide quick responses without conscious awareness, eliciting feelings of familiarity with events (Collins, ; also see, e.g., Kahneman, ; for a similar discussion around ‘System I’ and ‘System II’ representations).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changing predictions, stable recognition: Children's representations of downward incline motion

Hast

Howe

2017

British J of Dev Psycho

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Various studies to-date have demonstrated children hold ill-conceived expressed beliefs about the physical world such as that one ball will fall faster than another because it is heavier. At the same time, they also demonstrate accurate recognition of dynamic events. How these representations relate is still unresolved. This study examined 5- to 11-year-olds' (N = 130) predictions and recognition of motion down inclines. Predictions were typically in error, matching previous work, but children largely recognized correct events as correct and rejected incorrect ones. The results also demonstrate while predictions change with increasing age, recognition shows signs of stability. The findings provide further support for a hybrid model of object representations and argue in favour of stable core cognition existing alongside developmental changes. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Children's predictions of physical events show limitations in accuracy Their recognition of such events suggests children may use different knowledge sources in their reasoning What the present study adds? Predictions fluctuate more strongly than recognition, suggesting stable core cognition But recognition also shows some fluctuation, arguing for a hybrid model of knowledge representation.

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