The Development of Entrepreneurs at University in an Emerging Economy: A Conceptual Framework

Abstract

A conceptual framework is developed to postulate the process of developing entrepreneurs at a university level as a panacea for mitigating high levels of graduate unemployment in South Africa. The challenges are compounded by slow economic growth and the resultant high unemployment levels. Despite the growing body of empirical research evidence on the development of entrepreneurs in general, there is limited research on the development of student entrepreneurship. Drawing on Azjen's (1991) theory of planned behaviour, the paper conceptualises on factors that potentially influence the intention of students within the university to become entrepreneurs. Following Azen (1991), the paper interrogates the influence of the following four factors, namely, attitude towards entrepreneurship, role models, entrepreneurial leaders, and resources and opportunities. The conceptual framework proposes a model that will assist in developing student entrepreneurship mindsets and aptitudes that will equip them to embark on rather starting their own ventures upon graduation, than seeking employment. The entrepreneurship development process will create opportunities for selfemployment, as well as employment creation within the South African economy.

The Impact of Action Planning after Causation-and-Effectuation-Based Entrepreneurship Education

“…For EI, we used an 8-item subjective measure from Hoffman's [76] study, with a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree." We selected the items from various EI measures suitable for undergraduate students, as items reflecting the behavior of interest are defined in terms of the target, action, context, and time (TACT) elements described in a prior study [77].…”

The Role of University’s Entrepreneurship Program and Experiential Activities Towards Entrepreneurial Intention: Exploratory Analysis

“…Nonetheless, several factors have been identified as contributing to the success of university student entrepreneurship, among them is a supportive university environment that encourages and facilitates entrepreneurship can provide the necessary resources and networks for students to succeed (Rehan et al, 2019), and entrepreneurial education and experiential activities can equip students with the skills and knowledge necessary for success (Hoffman & Peters, 2020).…”