The development of cerium oxide coatings from cryolite melts. A self-forming anode for aluminum electrowinning

“…87 Another approach is to add cerium uoride to the cryolite based electrolyte which leads to the formation cerium oxyuoride on the anode, slowing down the attack on the tin oxide anode. 88 Overall, there are several 100 patents in the literature describing inert anodes in the Hall-Heroult cell but not one is totally satisfactory.…”

Section: Inert Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molten salts and energy related materials

Fray

2016

Faraday Discuss.

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Molten salts have been known for centuries and have been used for the extraction of aluminium for over one hundred years and as high temperature fluxes in metal processing. This and other molten salt routes have gradually become more energy efficient and less polluting, but there have been few major breakthroughs. This paper will explore some recent innovations that could lead to substantial reductions in the energy consumed in metal production and in carbon dioxide production. Another way that molten salts can contribute to an energy efficient world is by creating better high temperature fuel cells and novel high temperature batteries, or by acting as the medium that can create novel materials that can find applications in high energy batteries and other energy saving devices, such as capacitors. Carbonate melts can be used to absorb carbon dioxide, which can be converted into C, CO and carbon nanoparticles. Molten salts can also be used to create black silicon that can absorb more sunlight over a wider range of wavelengths. Overall, there are many opportunities to explore for molten salts to play in an efficient, low carbon world.

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“…16 (The coating was named Cerox by the Moltech company, which created the product.) Walker et al 17 tested Cerox coatings on tin-oxide anodes and showed that the corrosion rate was reduced substantially.…”

Section: Protective Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell operation and metal purity challenges for the use of inert anodes

Thonstad

Olsen

2001

JOM

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Inert anodes demand a fairly high alumina content (> 50% saturation) in the electrolyte, requiring a new way to control the alumina concentration. Probably the greatest challenge is how to tackle anode corrosion, which gives rise to metal contamination. All candidate oxide materials that can be used as components of inert anodes have a finite solubility in the electrolyte. Consequently, the anode materials will corrode slowly, and the corrosion products will be reduced into the aluminum produced. Even if the anode corrosion rate is slow (10-20 mm/year), an unacceptable contamination of the aluminum may result. Possible ways to reduce the contamination are discussed.

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The development of cerium oxide coatings from cryolite melts. A self-forming anode for aluminum electrowinning

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Rodica Galasiu; Ioan Galasiu; Niculae Popa; Vasilica Chivu

Rodica Galasiu; Ioan Galasiu; Niculae Popa; Vasilica Chivu

Molten salts and energy related materials

Cell operation and metal purity challenges for the use of inert anodes

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