The development of a pig model to study fetal vesico‐ureteric reflux

Dewan, P. A.; Ehall, H.; Edwards, Glenn A.; MacGregor, Duncan

doi:10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00944.x

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…To date, animals such as puppies, dogs, piglets and sheep have mainly been used as VUR models (1, 2, 7, 8), and rats, 25% of which are well-known to have congenital VUR, have also been employed in several animal VUR studies (4, 9). We used rabbits as an animal VUR model for several reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urodynamic and Histological Changes in a Sterile Rabbit Vesicoureteral Reflux Model

et al. 2010

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This study aimed to investigate pressure changes of renal pelvis and histological change of kidneys in a surgically induced sterile rabbit vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) model. Five rabbits served as a control group, 7 as the sham-operated group, and 8 served as the VUR group. Three weeks later, urodynamic studies were performed, and histological examinations evaluated degree of inflammation, fibrosis, and tubular damage in the kidneys. At a low infusion rate, renal pelvic pressure in the VUR group was stable until late filling phase and then increased slightly. At a high infusion rate, the renal pelvic pressures of the sham-operated and control groups were stable until late filling phase and then increased slightly, whereas the renal pelvic pressure in the VUR group steadily increased from mid filling phase. Focal thinning of the tubular epithelium and interstitial widening were observed in certain cortical areas of refluxing kidneys, without inflammatory cell infiltration. Obvious changes in the mean diameters of distal tubules and extracellular matrix volume fractions were observed in two highly refluxing kidneys. High pressure reflux with bladder instability may result in renal cortical changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urodynamic and Histological Changes in a Sterile Rabbit Vesicoureteral Reflux Model

et al. 2010

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“…Fetal intervention and surgery have been conducted in different animal models (Nelson et al 1990, Swindle et al 1996, Sangild et al 1999, Dewan et al 2000, Schmidt et al 2004. In some of these studies, it is beneficial from a reduction point of view to have both test groups and controls within the same uterus in order to minimize the variability between sows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method for transuterine identification of piglets

Birck¹,

Iburg²,

Schmidt³

et al. 2008

Lab Anim

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SummaryImplantable microchips provide a secure, permanent and unique identification of individual animals. When performing fetal intervention studies in experimental animal models easy and secure identification of fetuses is desirable, as having test and control groups within the same uterus reduces the total number of animals used in a study. The aims of this study were: (1) to establish a protocol to identify porcine fetuses in utero by microchip implantation and (2) to assess postnatally whether clinical or pathological reactions to the implant occurred. Two Danish Landrace/Danish Large White crossbred sows at day 100 of gestation were used. The sows were sedated with azaperone and induced with propofol intravenously. Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and oxygen. Antibiotics were administered intramuscularly (i.m.) at induction and analgesia was given pre-, intra-and postoperatively. A laparotomy was performed and the uterus exteriorized. The rump of the first fetus was recognized through the uterine wall and the thigh muscle of the fetus was fixed between the thumb and the forefinger. The microchip was then implanted into the fetus at an angle of 458 i.m. in the lateral hindleg using an insertion device with a 12G needle. The same procedure was done in every fetus. The uterus was returned to the abdomen and the abdominal wall closed. The sows gave birth to 24 liveborn piglets and one stillborn. None of the liveborn piglets were limping at the time of birth and no visible cutaneous or palpable reactions on the hindlegs were observed. Following euthanasia, the microchip was easily localized and no macroscopic reactions at the implantation site were seen. None of the piglets had more than one microchip implanted. Histology showed a chronic mild foreign body granulomatous inflammatory response with peripheral eosinophils surrounding the microchip. No inflammation was evident in the adjacent muscles. It is concluded that transuterine identification of piglets two weeks before delivery is feasible using a microchip implant as an effective, easy and reliable method for identification of individuals after birth.

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“…At present, life-threatening congenital malformations, such as diaphragmatic hernia, obstructive uropathy, pulmonary hypoplasia, and some cardiovascular anomalies including aortic valve stenosis, have been corrected on human fetuses. Rabbits, swine, and nonhuman primates can also be used and may serve as excellent models for some disease conditions (Moise et al, 1992;Kizilcan et al, 1994;Swindle et al, 1996;Stark et al, 1989;Dewan et al, 2000;Butler et al, 1998). Ultrasound may be used to confirm pregnancy and to determine the number of fetuses present in the uterus (Hoffman et al, 1996;Keller-Wood et al, 1998).…”

Section: H Intrauterine Fetal Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%