The Determinants Of Population Health Spatial Disparities

Abstract

<jats:p>Health of the population is one of the basic factors of social development. The results of empirical studies indicate a number of factors determining the level of health of the population related to access to health care services, the level of environmental pollution and the wealth of society. It must be assumed that the observed disparities in the health depend on distributions of particular determinants. The aim of the article is to assess the significance of the main factors affecting the occurrence of spatial disparities in the level of social development districts NTS-4 in terms of health of the population. The analysis was based on estimates of the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) which takes into account the impact of neighborhood spatial units on level of dependent variable and the explanatory variables. The size of the level of social development in terms of health of the population in the study was approximate by the aggregate value of the index, which is the local component of the Local Human Development Index LHDI.</jats:p>

Live and let live: understanding the temporal drivers and spillovers of life expectancy in Europe for public planning

“…From the perspective of economic policy planning this demographic shift is also of major concern to the welfare state, in particular in developed countries, such as health-care provision and pensions [ 8 , 9 ]. Moreover, examining the case of the USA, Maestas et al [ 10 ] identify an economic handbrake effect from ageing populations associated with slower growth in the labour force and (more importantly) productivity per worker.…”

“…There are a number of examples in the literature that examine the impact of economy-wide drivers on LEAB. Most studies focus only on a narrow selection, whilst some consider the linkages between LEAB and the three pillars of sustainability (economic, social and environmental), e.g., [ 8 , 13 – 16 ]. With some notable exceptions, however, there is a relative dearth of literature analysing LEAB in Europe [ 8 , 17 , 18 ], where most applications restrict themselves to a handful of countries, thereby ignoring the relative performance of the European continent as a whole and the heterogeneity of outcomes across individual countries.…”

“…Thus, for example, looking at the adoption of public policy strategies, it may occur that one country can strategically mimic the (health) policies of its neighbours [ 9 , 18 ], and this may lead to similar strategies and the existence of a ‘spillover’ effect on the (health) indicators of interest. There is a limited literature focusing on spillover impacts for LEAB [ 9 , 14 , 21 ] as well as other health indicators [ 8 , 18 , 22 – 24 ]. Perhaps surprisingly, despite our observation above that LEAB improves in successive generations, a further trawl through the literature reveals that with the exception of a handful of studies [ 9 , 18 , 23 , 24 ], these temporal effects remain under researched, highlighting the need for the construction of a panel data set.…”

City and Health: An Exploratory Overview of Research Issues

“…It is obvious that local or regional quality of air or water may be decisive factors for human health (as is witnessed in many developing countries), but also the local vicinity of medical care infrastructure and of outdoor and indoor sports facilities may play an important role in the health statistics of a country or region. Consequently, the geography of human health deserves due attention in health care policy and management and in related scientific research (see also Modranka and Suchecka, 2014;Jawoska, 2014).…”