“…For example, Hammoudeh, Nandha and Yuan (2013) examine the movements of the CDS indices for the three financial-sectors, banking, financial services and insurance in the short-and long-run over the period [2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009] and find that the individual dynamic adjustments to the equilibrium are different for those sectors.Other studies examine the CDS spreads as pure measures of credit risk (e.g., Bharath and Shumway, 2008, Blanco et al, 2005, Ericsson et al, 2006and Ericsson et al, 2009 or analyze the relationships between equity, bond and credit markets using time series instead of cross-sectional data (e.g., Bystrom, 2006, Zhu, 2006, Fung et al, 2008, Forte and Lovreta, 2009, Norden and Weber, 2009and Srivastava et al, 2016. For example, Berndt et al (2008) Blanco et al (2005), using a small sample of US and European firms, find support for the theoretical arbitrage relationship between CDS prices and credit spreads on average.…”