The determinants of CO2 emissions of air transport passenger traffic: An analysis of Lombardy (Italy)

Lo, Pak Lam; Martini, Gianmaria; Porta, Flavio; Scotti, Davide

doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2018.11.010

Cited by 64 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…140 Moreover commercial air transportation still 628 represents about 11% of global fuel consumption across all 629 sectors, 2% of global CO 2 emissions, and 13% of emissions in 630 the transport sector alone. 141 Beyond the dangerous GHG 631 emissions when using Internal combustion engines (ICEs), the 632 electric motor intrinsically possesses several advantages that 633 have always been known such as better energy efficiencies 634 (>90% because not subject to the Carnot cycle limitations of 635 heat engines). They are also quieter, easy to miniaturize, and 636 more importantly simpler in their design making the direct 637 motor and wheel coupling possible.…”

Section: Decarbonizing the Transportation Sector Through The 608 Electrification Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges for Organic Electrodes in Electrochemical Energy Storage

et al. 2020

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As the world moves toward electromobility and a concomitant decarbonization of its electrical supply, modern society is also entering a so-called fourth industrial revolution marked by a boom of electronic devices and digital technologies. Consequently, battery demand has exploded along with the need for ores and metals to fabricate them. Starting from such a critical analysis and integrating robust structural data, this review aims at pointing out there is room to promote organic-based electrochemical energy storage. Combined with recycling solutions, redox-active organic species could decrease the pressure on inorganic compounds and offer valid options in terms of environmental footprint and possible disruptive chemistries to meet the energy storage needs of both today and tomorrow. We review state-of-the-art developments in organic batteries, current challenges, and prospects, and we discuss the fundamental principles that govern the reversible chemistry of organic structures. We provide a comprehensive overview of all reported cell configurations that involve electroactive organic compounds working either in the solid state or in solution for aqueous or nonaqueous electrolytes. These configurations include alkali (Li/Na/K) and multivalent (Mg, Zn)-based electrolytes for conventional "sealed" batteries and redox-flow systems. We also highlight the most promising systems based on such various chemistries relying on appropriate metrics such as operation voltage, specific capacity, specific energy, or cycle life to assess the performances of electrodes. CONTENTS Sustainability and EnvironmentalAspects J 3.3. Positioning Redox-Active Organic Species in the Battery Landscape J 48 4. Fundamentals of Organic Electrode Compounds 49 for Electrochemical Storage K 50 4.1. Basics of Electrochemical Cells K 51 4.2. Bridging the Gap between Inorganic and 52 Organic Redox Chemistry M 53 4.3. Reversible Organic Redox Chemistry and 54 Cell Configurations N 55 5. Performances of Nonaqueous Lithium−Organic 56 Batteries O 57 5.1. Positioning the Operation Voltage O 58 5.2. Organic Electrode Materials with High 59 Specific Capacity V 60 5.3. Organic Electrode Materials with Long Cycle 61 Life X 62 6. Performances of Nonaqueous Sodium−Organic 63 Batteries Y 64 6.1. High/Low Voltage Organic Electrode Mate-65 rials and Hybrid/All-Organic High Output 66 Voltage Na-Ion Batteries Z 67 6.2. Organic Electrode Materials with High 68 Specific Capacity AD

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Section: Decarbonizing the Transportation Sector Through The 608 Electrification Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges for Organic Electrodes in Electrochemical Energy Storage

et al. 2020

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“…While transport emissions start decelerating worldwide, they are still responsible for 24% of CO 2 emissions from fuel combustion [1]. There are a multitude of works in the literature dealing with this issue in maritime [2,3] and air transport [4]. However, it is the road segment, including heavy and light vehicles, the one that accumulates 3/4 of transport emissions [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Efficient Mobility in Smart City Scenarios

2020

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Cooperative-Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) have brought a technological revolution, especially for ground vehicles, in terms of road safety, traffic efficiency, as well as in the experience of drivers and passengers. So far, these advances have been focused on traditional transportation means, leaving aside the new generation of personal vehicles that are nowadays flooding our streets. Together with bicycles and motorcycles, personal mobility devices such as segways or electric scooters are firm sustainable alternatives that represent the future to achieve eco-friendly personal mobility in urban settings. In a near future, smart cities will become hyper-connected spaces where these vehicles should be integrated within the underlying C-ITS ecosystem. In this paper, we provide a wide overview of the opportunities and challenges related to this necessary integration as well as the communication solutions that are already in the market to provide these moving devices with low-cost and efficient connectivity. We also present an On-Board Unit (OBU) prototype with different communication options based on the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) paradigm and several sensors to gather environmental information to facilitate eco-efficiency services. As the attained results suggest, this module allows personal vehicles to be fully integrated in smart city environments, presenting the possibilities of LoRaWAN and Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) communication technologies to provide vehicle connectivity and enable mobile urban sensing.

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“…Greenhouse gas emissions are the main contributors to global warming and climate change, e.g., specifically CO 2 emissions account for 70% of greenhouse gas emissions [1]. The aviation industry is one of the greatest producers of greenhouse gases [2], although governments are providing incentives to airlines to optimize their routes to minimize CO 2 emissions [3]. International maritime trade is another industry that has grown considerably over the last decade, and this trend is expected to continue [4], where its operations should be optimized to reduce the CO 2 produced [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

False Alarms Analysis of Wind Turbine Bearing System

Chacón¹,

Ramírez²,

Márquez³

2020

Sustainability

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Wind turbines are complex systems that use advanced condition monitoring systems for analyzing their health status. The gearbox is one of the most critical components due to its elevated downtime and failure rate. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems are employed in wind farms for condition monitoring and control in real time. The volume and variety of the data require novel and robust techniques for data analysis. The main novelty of this work is the development of a new modelling of the temperature curve of the gearbox bearing versus wind speed to detect false alarms. An approach based on data partitioning and data mining centers is employed. The wind speed range is divided into intervals to increase the accuracy of the model, where the centers are considered representative samples in the modelling. A method based on the alarm detection is developed and studied together with the alarms report provided by a real case study. The results obtained allow the identification of critical alarm periods outside the confidence interval. It is validated that the study of alarm identification, pre-filtered data, state variable, and output power contribute to the detection of the false alarms.

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The determinants of CO2 emissions of air transport passenger traffic: An analysis of Lombardy (Italy)

Cited by 64 publications

References 16 publications

Opportunities and Challenges for Organic Electrodes in Electrochemical Energy Storage

Opportunities and Challenges for Organic Electrodes in Electrochemical Energy Storage

Eco-Efficient Mobility in Smart City Scenarios

False Alarms Analysis of Wind Turbine Bearing System

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