The determinant of health insurance ownership among pregnant women in Indonesia

Nantabah

J Prim Care Community Health

et al. 2022

Self Cite

Background: The Indonesian government initiated National Health Insurance (NHI) to reduce health service barriers. The study aimed to analyze specific targets for expanding the NHI’s membership in Indonesia. Methods: The study population was all populations in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the study involved a 47 644 weighted sample. The analyzed variables included NHI’s membership, residence, age, gender, education, employment, marital status, and wealth. The study employed binary logistic regression in the final step. Results: The urban population was 0.608 times less likely than the rural population to become a non-member of NHI. Aging younger was one of the barriers to becoming an NHI member, and the male gender is one of the barriers to becoming an NHI member. Meanwhile, the lower the education level, the greater the obstacles to becoming an NHI member in Indonesia. Besides, the unemployed population was 1.002 more likely than the employed population to become a non-member of NHI. The result shows that never married or married have a higher chance of becoming a non-member of NHI. Finally, all wealth status categories are more likely to become barriers to the most prosperous population becoming an NHI member. Conclusions: The study concluded that 7 population characteristics become specific targets for expanding NHI membership in Indonesia. The 7 characteristics are the population who live in rural areas, are young, male, poor education, unemployed, never married or married, and poor.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…23 In addition, finances at old age are more stable than at a young age because they already have a relatively more regular. 17 The situation may cause a lack of NHI membership at a young age. Previous studies have also shown that age is associated with NHI membership.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Expanding the National Health Insurance Membership in Indonesia: Who Should the Target?

Nantabah

J Prim Care Community Health

et al. 2022

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“…On the other hand, another study in Taiwan informed that Universal Health Coverage could minimize psychiatric services inequality in urban and rural areas [ 23 ]. Moreover, in Indonesia, NHI positively affects service utilization in all health care facilities, both government and private [ 24 – 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospital utilization in Indonesia in 2018: do urban–rural disparities exist?

Nantabah

et al. 2022

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background The government must ensure equality in health services access, minimizing existing disparities between urban and rural areas. The referral system in Indonesia is conceptually sound. However, there are still problems of uneven service access, and there is an accumulation of patients in certain hospitals. The study aims to analyze the urban–rural disparities in hospital utilization in Indonesia. Methods The study used secondary data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Survey. This cross-sectional study gathered 629,370 respondents through stratification and multistage random sampling. In addition to the kind of home and hospital utilization, the study looked at age, gender, marital status, education, occupation, wealth, and health insurance as control factors. The research employed multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the data in the final step. Results According to the findings, someone who lives in an urban region has 1.493 times higher odds of using outpatient hospital services than someone in a rural area (AOR 1.493; 95% CI 1.489–1.498). Meanwhile, someone who lives in an urban region has 1.075 times higher odds of using an inpatient facility hospital than someone who lives in a rural one (AOR 1.075; 95% CI 1.073–1.077). Furthermore, someone living in an urban region has 1.208 times higher odds than someone who lives in a rural area using outpatient and inpatient hospital services simultaneously (AOR 1.208; 95% CI 1.204–1.212). Conclusion The study concluded there were urban–rural disparities in hospital utilization in Indonesia.

“…People who have health insurance cards desire to get health service facilities if they are physically sick because they have the facilities to access them. 38 , 39 In addition, individuals who have legal health insurance will get the certainty of reasonable care under their guarantees. Health care facilities that refuse will be subject to legal sanctions from the government.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Disparities in Hospital Utilization Among Female Workers in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

J Prim Care Community Health

Prasetyo

et al. 2022

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Background: The study aims to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic and hospital utilization among female workers in Indonesia. Methods: The study analyzed secondary data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Survey. The study gathered 161 186 female workers through stratification and multistage random sampling. As control factors, the study looked at age, marital status, education, occupation, and health insurance, in addition to the categories of socioeconomic and hospital utilization. The study used binary logistic regression to evaluate the data in the final step. Results: The result shows female workers with poorer wealth status are 1.142 times more likely than the most impoverished female workers to utilize the hospital (AOR 1.142; 95% CI 1.135-1.148). Female workers with median wealth status are 1.509 times more likely than the poorest female workers to take advantage of the hospital (AOR 1.509; 95% CI 1.501-1.517). Female workers with wealthier wealth status are 1.808 times more likely than the poorest female workers to use the hospital (AOR 1.808; 95% CI 1.799-1.817). The wealthiest female workers are 2.399 times more likely than the poorest female workers to utilize the hospital (2.399; 95% CI 2.387-2.411). Conclusion: The study concluded a relationship between socioeconomic status and hospital utilization among female workers in Indonesia. The better the socioeconomic, the better the hospital utilization.