The deposition and imaging of silica sub-micron particles in dentine

Abstract

The use of silica sub-micron particles on hard dentine tissues is dependent on the modification of the surface coating of the particles. This may influence how particles are incorporated in potential delivery vehicles applied to the dentine surface with the employment of a fluorosurfactant showing promise.

Dual-Functionalized Theranostic Nanocarriers

“…Surface-modified micrometer-sized particles have been demonstrated to be promising in vitro dental agents. 25 The micrometer-sized larger golf balls with dual-functionalized pit and nonpit surfaces would likely perform multiple dental tasks in the dentinal tubules at the same time. Second the attachment of dual ligands attached to the surface of a nanocarrier can increase both the accuracy and efficiency of the delivery system., 26−31 while largely sparing off-target cells.…”

Penetration of sub-micron particles into dentinal tubules using ultrasonic cavitation

“…The outer surfaces of the slices were ground using silicon carbide (SiC) paper with grit size P500 until nominally flat, and then polished using P1200 and P4000 grade SiC paper to remove microscale grooves. The tooth slices were then immersed in 10% citric acid (BDH, Poole, England) for 2 minutes to remove the smear layer and expose the dentinal tubules as described previously [9]. Specimens were subsequently ultrasonicated in an ultrasonic cleaner (In-ceram, Vitasonic) in 200 ml reverse osmosis (RO) water for 10 minutes prior to imaging using a stereomicroscope (Zeiss PrimoTech, Oberkochen, Germany) (resolution 17 pixels/µm), to determine the direction of the dentinal tubules.…”

“…The zeta potential of the particles was also measured (Delsa Nano particle analyser, Beckman Coulter, USA). 1% w/v solutions of sub-micron particles were prepared by adding 0.1 g particles (dry weight) to 10 ml RO water and 10 µl Tween 20 surfactant (Sigma-Aldrich) [9]. The solution was dispersed via ultrasonication for 10 min and then centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes.…”

“…The potential of the solvent to displace water in the tubules may allow deeper particle penetration. Furthermore, reduced particulate aggregation using surfactants has been reported to improve delivery within tubules, reduce the surface interactions with dentine and increase occlusion of tubules [9].…”

Visualization of zinc pyrithione particles deposited on the scalp from a shampoo by tape‐strip sampling and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy measurement

“…Chemical imaging methods using stimulated Raman scattering were developed to eliminate this drawback and allow mapping the distribution of the ZnPT active on intact skin . There are other imaging technologies that have been developed to understand the effects of nanoparticles and microparticles in living tissues and on human substrates like zinc oxide and titanium dioxide on skin , and silica in dentine . However, methods that offer sufficient chemical selectivity, sensitivity and resolution to enable in vivo or ex vivo visualization of ZnPT particles deposited on the scalp so far have not been reported.…”