The Denver Earthquakes

Healy, J. H.; Rubey, William W.; Griggs, D. T.; Raleigh, C. B.

doi:10.1126/science.161.3848.1301

Cited by 805 publications

(485 citation statements)

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“…The role of pore fluid in reducing the effective value of the confining stress in bulk samples and the normal stress across frictional surfaces has been demonstrated in laboratory experiments [e.g., Brace and Martin, 1968;Byerlee and Brace, 1972]. In addition, field evidence comes from earthquakes induced either through direct injection of fluids into boreholes or from the filling of large reservoirs with subsequent infiltration of water into the underlying rock mass [e.g., Healy et al, 1968;Raleigh et al, 1976]. Seismological observation indicates that subducting oceanic plates contain some amount of fluid [Kodaira et al, 2003].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postseismic quasi‐static fault slip due to pore pressure change on a bimaterial interface

Yamashita

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] We theoretically study the mechanism of afterslip, generally observed after the occurrence of large shallow earthquakes, taking account of poroelastic effects including fluid flow. A two-dimensional in-plane shear fault is assumed on a bimaterial interface that separates mechanically different poroelastic media. We first derive analytical expressions for the stress tensor components and fluid pressure as integrals of fault slip; the rigidity and diffusivity of the two media separated by the fault are assumed to be equal in value to derive the solution analytically. We then numerically solve these integral equations assuming stress boundary condition on the fault and obtain the spatiotemporal evolution of fault slip. The Coulomb failure criterion is assumed for the quasi-static growth of fault. We find that the positive feedback between the fluid pressure raised at the extending fault tip and evolving fault slip promotes the quasi-static fault tip extension; the amount of afterslip is found to be larger for smaller value of the Biot-Willis coefficient. It is also found that the poroelastic bimaterial effect favors unilateral extension of fault. Our calculations show that the patch of postseismic fault slip does not overlap that of coseismic slip significantly. We also observe a rapid decrease in postseismic moment release rate with time. These are in harmony with geodetic observation related to afterslips. We will have to resort to purely numerical analysis if we remove the assumptions about the rigidity and diffusivity; however, our present study can provide a reference point for such analysis.Citation: Yamashita, T. (2007), Postseismic quasi-static fault slip due to pore pressure change on a bimaterial interface, J. Geophys.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postseismic quasi‐static fault slip due to pore pressure change on a bimaterial interface

Yamashita

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Although an aeromagnetic sur vey or a dense array of local field measure ments (for GDS or MT) can delineate crustal faults within the electric conductivity sub structure, there is no forecasting capability in such measurements. The immediate reduc tion of resistance to faulting at a specific site, caused by a direct fluid injection through a deep well, was indeed documented by Healy et al [ 1968]; however, that extremely local ized effect in no way justifies long-term, broad area forecasts with MT or GDS mag netic detection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A misuse of public funds: U.N. support for geomagnetic forecasting of earthquakes and meteorological disasters

Campbell

1998

EoS Transactions

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The legitimate scientific community needs to be alerted to the expenditure of considerable public funds forpseudoscientific projects that build false hopes of protection from geophysical hazards. One example of such a project is a recently published, 147‐ page United Nations (U.N.) document titled “Manual on the Forecasting of Natural Disasters: Geomagnetic Methods.” Although the document has been distributed internationally, it seems not to have been subjected to pre‐publication, international peer review. The manual was prepared for a U.N. international workshop recently held in Beijing, China, from February 12 to 18,1998. The meeting was sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the State Seismological Bureau of China, the U.N. Global Programme for the Integration of Public Administration and Science of Disasters in the Department for Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), and the U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) in Beijing.

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“…The Denvermerby earthquakes that O C C U K~ in the mid-1960's are evidence that the basement is still under stress. These earthquakes were generated by strike-slip motion along a h l t or h l t zone in the vicinity of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal well (Healy et al, 1968). A deep well was drilled on the Rocky Mountain Arsenal in 196 1 to dispose of contaminated waste water.…”

Section: Regional Structural Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interdisciplinary study of reservoir compartments and heterogeneity. Final report, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1996

Kirk¹

1998

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The Denver Earthquakes

Cited by 805 publications

References 4 publications

Postseismic quasi‐static fault slip due to pore pressure change on a bimaterial interface

Postseismic quasi‐static fault slip due to pore pressure change on a bimaterial interface

A misuse of public funds: U.N. support for geomagnetic forecasting of earthquakes and meteorological disasters

Interdisciplinary study of reservoir compartments and heterogeneity. Final report, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1996

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