“…Because the crack's initiation is the result of superposition of local stress concentration and the shear stress component of load, at 90 ° impact angle, the maximum shear stress area was at 0.78b (b means the half-width of contact zone) distance to wear surface, and the sheer stress was lower nearby surface and then increased followed by decreasing according to Hezz's stress theory [15] . So, with the impact energy being increased, the thickness of hardened layer will be increased, and the area, where the condition of crack initiation and propagation can be met by superposition of local stress concentration and shear stress component, will approach to maximum shear stress area and depart from the wear surface.…”