The daily course of the symptomatology and the impaired time estimation in endogenous depression (melancholia)

Kuhs, H.; Hermann, W.; Kammer, K.; Tölle, Rainer

doi:10.1016/0165-0327(89)90012-8

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Empirical studies provide evidence that the passing of time can be subjectively slower in depressed patients than in healthy controls (e.g., Mezey and Cohen, 1961; Bech, 1975; Wyrick and Wyrick, 1977; Richter and Benzenhöfer, 1985; Münzel et al, 1988). On the basis of these results on the subjective passage of time in depressive patients, more recent studies investigated potential effects of depression on time perception by means of different laboratory tasks that are state-of-the-art in research on time perception (see Grondin, 2010 for a recent review; see also Kuhs et al, 1989; Blewett, 1992; Sévigny et al, 2003; Bschor et al, 2004; Mahlberg et al, 2008; Msetfi et al, 2012). Basically, three tasks have been used; (a) verbal time estimation , where the subject is asked to give an estimate in time units like seconds or minutes of a presented time interval, which is marked for instance by two brief tones or comparable visual stimuli for example flashes (e.g., Dilling and Rabin, 1967; Bech, 1975; Kitamura and Kumar, 1983; Bschor et al, 2004), (b) time production, where a time interval is specified in temporal units and the subject is asked to produce this interval for example by pressing a button to mark the interval’s beginning and end (e.g., Tysk, 1984; Münzel et al, 1988) and (c) time reproduction, where a time interval is presented first as in (a) and in a second step the subject reproduces the interval as in (b) based on his (short term) memory representation of the interval (Mundt et al, 1998; Mahlberg et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression does not affect time perception and time-to-contact estimation

et al. 2014

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Depressed patients frequently report a subjective slowing of the passage of time. However, experimental demonstrations of altered time perception in depressed patients are not conclusive. We added a timed action task (time-to-contact estimation, TTC) and compared this indirect time perception task to the more direct classical methods of verbal time estimation, time production, and time reproduction. In the TTC estimation task, the deviations of the estimates from the veridical values (relative errors) revealed no differences between depressed patients (N= 22) and healthy controls (N= 22). Neither did the relative errors of the TTC estimates differ between groups. There was a weak trend toward higher variability of the estimates in depressed patients but only at the shortest TTC and at the fastest velocities. Time experience (subjective flow of time) as well as time perception in terms of interval timing (verbal estimation, time production, time reproduction) performed on the same subjects likewise failed to produce effects of depression. We conclude that the notion that depression has a sizeable effect on time perception cannot be maintained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression does not affect time perception and time-to-contact estimation

et al. 2014

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“…The severity of the depression at the onset of the investigation was evaluated by a psy chiatrist, using the HRSD: In each case the time esti mation experiments were carried out in connection with self-assessment (VAMS) on 2 successive days at 7.30 a.m., 11.30 a.m., 3.30 p.m. and 7.30 p.m. The diurnal course of the recorded findings is dealt with extensively in a further study [15],…”

Section: Procedures and Time O F The Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Estimation and the Experience of Time in Endogenous Depression (Melancholia): An Experimental Investigation

Kuhs

Hermann²,

Kammer³

et al. 1991

Psychopathology

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The importance of disturbances in time experience in endogenous depression (melancholia) has long been under discussion. In the present study alterations of time experience were examined by means of time estimation experiments. 25 endogenous depressive patients (according to ICD-9) underestimated prospectively a 30-second interval by 6 s, whereas 12 healthy controls overestimated this interval by more than 10 s. The results are based on eight successive measurements over a period of 2 days. In the endogenous depressives, a feeling of being unwell was accompanied by a more pronounced time estimation error than a relatively good state of well-being. The influence of various patient data on the results of time estimation is also discussed in detail. The findings show clearly that time estimation provides a satisfactory delineation between depressive patients and healthy controls.

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“…If. on the other hand, time estimation is used as an exclusively quantitative measure of a disturbed time experience, this assumption cannot be confirmed: Time assessment is not subject to an essential circadian rhythm either in healthy controls or in depressive patients [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fahndrich and Haug [12] examined patients with various depressive disorders and healthy controls in the morning and evening respectively; the controls had an evening high (according to VAMS) more often than the patients (N. S.). According to a previous study of Kuhs et al [19], the diurnal mood pattern (on 2 successive days) did not differ between 12 healthy controls and 25 melancholic patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Mood Variation in Melancholic Patients and Healthy Controls

Wefelmeyer¹,

Kuhs²

1996

Psychopathology

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In 30 melancholic patients and 21 healthy controls, diurnal mood variation was investigated on 3 successive days at 7.30 a.m., 11.30 a.m., 3.30 p.m. and 7.30 p.m. Daily courses with no variation or with a so-called typical variation (morning low, afternoon/evening high) occurred with the same frequency in both samples. Circadian mood variations vary substantially inter- and intraindividually in both depressive patients and healthy controls. However, the controls reported short (ultradian) mood variations more frequently than the patients. Using a semistructured interview, the subjective experience of diurnal mood variations was compared: In melancholic patients, mood variations occur spontaneously in more than half of all cases, whereas healthy controls attribute them almost exclusively to their own activities and/or external circumstances. It is discussed whether ‘typical’ diurnal variations in melancholic patients may have been emphasized in earlier psychopathological literature not because of their frequency but because patients experience the circadian mood rhythm as uninfluenceable.

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The daily course of the symptomatology and the impaired time estimation in endogenous depression (melancholia)

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Depression does not affect time perception and time-to-contact estimation

Depression does not affect time perception and time-to-contact estimation

Time Estimation and the Experience of Time in Endogenous Depression (Melancholia): An Experimental Investigation

Diurnal Mood Variation in Melancholic Patients and Healthy Controls

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