The Czochralski growth of bismuth-germanium oxide single crystals

Piekarczyk, W.; Świrkowicz, M.; Gazda, S.

doi:10.1016/0025-5408(78)90099-5

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The pure single crystals were grown in our laboratory by Piekarczyk,' see [8], in a conventional Czochralski apparatus, using grade 1 GeO, from the Research Center of the Aluminium Works, Skawina and 6 Bi,O, which has been obtained by purifying and calcination of Bi(NO,), . 5 H,O.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Illumination on Anomalous Ultrasonic Attenuation in Doped Single Crystals of Bi12GeO20

Witek

1982

phys. stat. sol. (a)

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Single crystals of bismuth germanium oxide pure and doped with Fe, Mn, and Cr are grown by the Czochralski method. Ultrasonic attenuation of Bi12GeO20 single crystals pure and doped with Mn, Cr, and Fe are investigated before and after illumination with visible light. Illumination of Mn and Cr doped single crystals reduces the previously observed anomalous ultrasonic attenuation at low temperatures. The relation between the reversible photochromic effect and the acoustic properties of a crystal are found for the first time in Bi12GeO20 crystals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Illumination on Anomalous Ultrasonic Attenuation in Doped Single Crystals of Bi12GeO20

Witek

1982

phys. stat. sol. (a)

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“…Sillenite phase diagrams have been proposed by SPERANSKAYA, ARSHAKUNI; SPE-RANSKAYA, , and large crystalline boules were obtained by BALLMANN et al;BALLMAN;KUZMINOV et al;BRICE, BRUTON et al 1977;TANGUAY et al;PIEKARCZIK et al;GOSPODINOV et al 1988;TADA et al; GARRET. Many communications have been published on the growth of sillenite-like materials, most of them deal with pulling from a stoichiometric melt (Bi,O, : SiO, = 6 : 1).…”

Section: 'mentioning

confidence: 96%

Growth of large doped Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ crystals

Gospodinov

Doshkova²

1994

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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The conditions for growing Cr-, Mn-, Fe-, Co-, Ni-, and CriAI-doped BSO crystals from a stoichiometric melt by the Czochralski method have been the subject of research. A decrease of the absorption coefficient along the growth axis was observed in undoped crystals of 50 mm diameter and I50 mm long, which is indicative of melt stoichiometry change in the course of the growth run. The transmission and reflection spectra of different crystals were measured and the absorption coefficients was determined in the range 0.38-0.70 pm. When Fe dopant concentration exceeds a limit value, the absorption spectrum is blue-shifted relative to the undoped case and the absorption coefficient decreases. Co, Cr, Mn, and Cr+AI dopants produce a red shift and increase the absorption coefficient. Combined Cr + Al doping shift the absorption spectrum to the blue region as compared to Cr-only doping with the same Cr concentration.Die Bedingungen fur das Kristallwachstum von Bi,,SiO,,,, dotiert mit Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, und C r + Al, wurden untersucht. Die Kristalle wuchsen aus der stochiometrischen Schmelze nach der Czochralski Methode. Bei nicht dotierten Kristallen wurde eine Verkleinerung des Absorptionskoefizienten in der Kristall-Lingsrichtung festgestellt, wahrend bei Fe-dotierten Kristallen dieser Effekt nicht beobachtet wurde. Die Transmissions-und Reflexionsspektren wurden gemessen und die Absorptionskoeffizienten im Spektralbereich 0.38 -0.7 pm bestimmt. Es wurde festgestellt, daB die Fe-Beimischungen im Vergleich zu den nicht dotierten Kristallen das Absorptionsspektrum in den blauen Bereich verschieben. AuBerdem wurde gezeigt, dai3 die Beimischungen aus Co, Cr, Mn, und Cr+ Al das Absorptionsspektrum in den roten Bereich verschieben und eine VergroBerung des Absorptionskoeffizienten verursachen. Es wurde auch festgestellt, daI3 bei gleichzeitiger Dotierung rnit Cr + Al das Transmissionsspektrum in Richtung kiirzerer Wellenlangenverglichen mit dem Spektrum von Kristallen, die nur mit Cr der gleichen Konzentration dotiert sindverschoben wird.

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“…To prepare large single crystals, use is made of (100), (110), and (111) seeds, and the crystals are commonly pulled from Pt crucibles in air. The crystal growth of BSO and BGO in argon and oxygen atmospheres was described by Mokrushina et al [8] and Piekarczyk et al [37]. The crucible and growth charge can be heated using an rf generator or resistance furnace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Sillenite-Structure Single Crystals

et al. 2005

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The main processes for preparing bulk single crystals and films of photorefractive and piezoelectric Bi 12 M x O 20 ± δ (M = Group II-VIII elements) sillenite compounds are considered. Experimental data are summarized on the crystal growth of Bi 12 M x O 20 ± δ from the melt and under hydrothermal conditions, and the key morphological features of sillenites are analyzed. Various types of macroscopic growth defects in sillenite-type crystals are described, and their origin is discussed. The compositions of second-phase inclusions in undoped and doped (Group I-VIII elements) Bi 12 SiO 20 , Bi 12 GeO 20 , and Bi 12 TiO 20 single crystals are presented, and the main physicochemical properties of various Bi 12 M x O 20 ± δ crystals are summarized.

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The Czochralski growth of bismuth-germanium oxide single crystals

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

The Effect of Illumination on Anomalous Ultrasonic Attenuation in Doped Single Crystals of Bi12GeO20

The Effect of Illumination on Anomalous Ultrasonic Attenuation in Doped Single Crystals of Bi12GeO20

Growth of large doped Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ crystals

Growth of Sillenite-Structure Single Crystals

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The Czochralski growth of bismuth-germanium oxide single crystals

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

The Effect of Illumination on Anomalous Ultrasonic Attenuation in Doped Single Crystals of Bi12GeO20

The Effect of Illumination on Anomalous Ultrasonic Attenuation in Doped Single Crystals of Bi12GeO20

Growth of large doped Bi12SiO20 crystals

Growth of Sillenite-Structure Single Crystals

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Growth of large doped Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ crystals