The current status of pesticide resistance in Australian populations of the redlegged earth mite (<i>Halotydeus destructor</i>)

Umina, Paul A; Weeks, Andrew R.; Roberts, John M. K.; Jenkins, Sommer; Mangano, Gabriella; Lord, Alan; Micic, Svetlana

doi:10.1002/ps.3247

Cited by 34 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It is evident that for several nontarget invertebrate groups, selective chemical options are not necessarily ÔsofterÕ than broad-spectrum pesticides. Given the ongoing challenges of insecticide resistance in several key grains pests within Australia (e.g., Umina 2007, Edwards et al 2008, Umina et al 2012), more work is required to assess the value of selective and broadspectrum pesticides for Australian Þeld crops and pastures, focusing on a combination of laboratory and Þeld assessments. Despite the high level of efÞcacy currently provided by broad-spectrum pesticides, control strategies should ensure pesticides are used strategically with pest thresholds in mind, and that chemicals with different modes of action are rotated through time and space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Pesticides in Agro-Ecosystems: Are They as Detrimental to Nontarget Invertebrate Fauna as We Suspect?

et al. 2013

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Broad-spectrum pesticides used to protect field crops and pastures from invertebrate pests are frequently reported to reduce populations of nontarget fauna, but there is often little relevant field data. Nonetheless, this notion is used to promote the adoption of more selective pesticides with less impact on nontarget invertebrates, including beneficial insects. Selective pesticides are not widely available for broad-acre grain crops and pastures in southern Australia; however, several options available in other industries could be compatible with these agricultural systems. In this study, the impact of broad-spectrum pesticides and several selective pesticides on nontarget invertebrate fauna was assessed in five field trials in wheat and canola fields. Despite extensive sampling over short and medium timeframes, few treatment effects on nontarget groups were detected. In cases where broad-spectrum pesticides were detrimental, patterns were often inconsistent among nontarget groups and between field trials. In contrast, the pest species, Halotydeus destructor Tucker and Penthaleus spp., were effectively controlled by the broad-spectrum treatments and less effectively by the selective pesticides. The inconsistent and relatively small impact of broad-spectrum pesticides on some nontarget invertebrates demonstrates that caution is required when extrapolating from laboratory-based assessments routinely used to assess the impacts of pesticides to field conditions in agriculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Pesticides in Agro-Ecosystems: Are They as Detrimental to Nontarget Invertebrate Fauna as We Suspect?

et al. 2013

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“…This means that resistance to pesticides present in Western Australia (Umina, 2007;Umina et al, 2012) may already be present in eastern Australia or is likely to spread into that region in the near future. The lack of strong differentiation between Tasmania, the eastern region and Western Australia indicates there is an ongoing genetic exchange between these regions or the movement of large numbers of colonizing mites, perhaps on multiple occasions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The feeding damage caused to Australian grain crops alone currently stands at >$40 million per annum, with another $20.5 million spent on pesticide treatments each year (Murray et al, 2013). More recent studies have focused on the ecological niche of H. destructor, and how this differs between native and invasive populations (Hill et al, 2012b(Hill et al, , 2013, and detecting evolved pesticide resistance in some populations (Umina, 2007;Umina et al, 2012). Umina & Hoffmann, 1999;Weeks & Hoffmann, 2000;Halliday & Paull, 2004;Ridsdill-Smith et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis along an invasion pathway reveals endemic cryptic taxa, but a single species with little population structure in the introduced range

Hill

Hoffmann

Umina

et al. 2015

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim The invasion pathways of pest arthropods can be traced using genetic tools to develop an understanding of the processes that have shaped successful invasions and to inform both pest management and conservation strategies in their non-native and native ranges, respectively. The redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor, is a major economic pest in Australia, successfully establishing and spreading after arrival from South Africa more than 100 years ago. Halotydeus destructor has recently expanded its range and evolved resistance to numerous pesticides in Australia, raising questions around its origin and spread.Location South Africa and Australia.Methods We sampled H. destructor populations in South Africa and Australia and developed a microsatellite marker library. We then examined genetic variation using mtDNA and microsatellite markers across both native and invasive ranges to determine endemic genetic diversity within South Africa, identify the likely origin of invasive populations and test genetic divergence across Australia.Results The data show that H. destructor comprises a cryptic species complex in South Africa, with putative climatic/host plant associations that may correspond to regional variation. A lineage similar to that found near Cape Town has spread throughout Western and eastern Australia, where populations remain genetically similar.Main conclusions Tracing the invasion pathway of this economically important pest revealed cryptic lineages in South Africa which points to the need for a taxonomic revision. The absence of significant genetic structure across the wide invasive range of H. destructor within Australia has implications for the development (and spread) of pesticide resistance and also points to recent local adaptation in physiological traits.

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“…Farming practices that may have driven this change include the transition to minimum or no-tillage systems, changes to weed management, the introduction of GM cotton that expresses an insecticide, a significant increase in the total area sown to canola, and continued reliance on pesticides leading to resistance in some pest species [4], [5]. Insecticide resistance has been recorded for several important arthropod pests, including the green peach aphid ( Myzus persicae ) [6], redlegged earth mite ( Halotydeus destructor ) [7], diamond back moth ( Plutella xylostella ) [8], Helicoverpa spp. [9], and the Western flower thrips ( Frankliniella occidentalis ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Insecticide Use in Broad-Acre Grains Production: An Australian Study

et al. 2014

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Prophylactic use of broad-spectrum insecticides is a common feature of broad-acre grains production systems around the world. Efforts to reduce pesticide use in these systems have the potential to deliver environmental benefits to large areas of agricultural land. However, research and extension initiatives aimed at decoupling pest management decisions from the simple act of applying a cheap insecticide have languished. This places farmers in a vulnerable position of high reliance on a few products that may lose their efficacy due to pests developing resistance, or be lost from use due to regulatory changes. The first step towards developing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies involves an increased efficiency of pesticide inputs. Especially challenging is an understanding of when and where an insecticide application can be withheld without risking yield loss. Here, we quantify the effect of different pest management strategies on the abundance of pest and beneficial arthropods, crop damage and yield, across five sites that span the diversity of contexts in which grains crops are grown in southern Australia. Our results show that while greater insecticide use did reduce the abundance of many pests, this was not coupled with higher yields. Feeding damage by arthropod pests was seen in plots with lower insecticide use but this did not translate into yield losses. For canola, we found that plots that used insecticide seed treatments were most likely to deliver a yield benefit; however other insecticides appear to be unnecessary and economically costly. When considering wheat, none of the insecticide inputs provided an economically justifiable yield gain. These results indicate that there are opportunities for Australian grain growers to reduce insecticide inputs without risking yield loss in some seasons. We see this as the critical first step towards developing IPM practices that will be widely adopted across intensive production systems.

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The current status of pesticide resistance in Australian populations of the redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor)

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Synthetic Pesticides in Agro-Ecosystems: Are They as Detrimental to Nontarget Invertebrate Fauna as We Suspect?

Synthetic Pesticides in Agro-Ecosystems: Are They as Detrimental to Nontarget Invertebrate Fauna as We Suspect?

Genetic analysis along an invasion pathway reveals endemic cryptic taxa, but a single species with little population structure in the introduced range

Reducing Insecticide Use in Broad-Acre Grains Production: An Australian Study

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