The current state of fishing and extracting the living aquatic resources in the Black Sea region of Ukraine

Abstract

The development of open spaces and resources of the Black Sea is one of the main directions of the Black Sea region (the Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions). The essence of the region policy allows to cooperate with the most countries of the world community and brings an income both to the budget of the regions and to the state budget. Industrial fisheries is an extractive branch of the fishing industry that uses the natural resources of the oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, reservoirs: various species of fish, marine mammals, shellfish, crustaceans and aquatic vegetation. Fisheries can be considered as one type of nature using which consists in the extraction of fish and other sea products (fish, invertebrates, algae, etc.). The purpose of the work was to find out a current state of fishing and extracting the living aquatic resources in the Black Sea region, namely in the Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions. An assessment of a current state of extracting the aquatic bioresources in general and in the inland water bodies in the Black Sea region, namely in the Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions for the period from 2010 to 2018, was carried out on the basis of specialized literature. The state of extracting the aquatic bioresources in general and in the inland water bodies from 2010 to 2018; the amount of caught fish in this region; the state of fisheries of the studied region were investigated. Fish farming is a branch of the national economy that is engaged in farming, increasing and improving a quality of the fish stocks in the water bodies and filling the fish resources. In order to maintain and increase the stocks of valuable industrial fish in our country the extensive measures for artificial fish farming, improving the conditions of natural reproduction of fish, as well as the development of lake and pond fisheries for the commercial fish production are being taken. Much work is being done to acclimatize valuable industrial fish species and other fishing objects, aimed at expanding a fish species composition and increasing the fish stocks. It was found that according to the statistics of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, the analysis of the exraction of fish and aquatic biological resources in the Black Sea region (Odesa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions) showed that an increase in the volume of fish catching and extracting the living aquatic resources occurred only due to inland waters.

The current state of extracting aquatic bioresources in Ukraine

“…After considering, in a section, the production of the aquatic bioresources by fishing areas, it can be seen that aquaculture accounts for 11.1 thousand tons, the extraction in the inland water bodies accounts for 22.7 thousand tons, the Black Sea area accounts for 9.97 thousand tons, other data are not made public in order to ensure the compliance with the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On State Statistics" regarding the statistical information confidentiality. The Odesa, Cherkasy, and Dnipropetrovsk regions accounted for the largest catch share in the internal facilities and amounted to 4.7 thousand tons, 4.1 thousand tons, and 3.3 thousand tons in 2021, respectively, but the largest catch share in aquaculture is only in the Cherkasy region and amounted to 2.8 thousand tons [5][6][7][8].…”

Evaluation of the state of industrial water bioresources in fish areas of Ukraine

“…The first, one of the main reasons, is environmental, as all water bodies receive chemical fertilizers from fields and leach into industrial wastewater from enterprises, cities, etc. Another reason is the barbaric poaching of our fish resources when fishing with trawls (Burgaz et al, 2019;Burhaz et al, 2021).…”

“…2 and table. Three, it should be noted that the prominent representatives of the ichthyofauna caught include: grass carp, carp, crucian, bream, silver carp, ram, zander, pike, perch, catfish (Kapustynska, 2019;Burgaz et al, 2019).…”