The Cultural Foundation of Human Memory

Wang, Qi

doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-070920-023638

Cited by 107 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…research on cognitive biases in particular [24][25][26], examining the effects of age, gender, ethnicity and education on the recognition of bias in self versus others. These findings provide original theoretical insights into the persistence of and remedy for the metacognitive biased thinking and have critical real-life implications.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, we recruited large and diverse samples and examined the influence of demographic factors, including age, gender, ethnicity, and education, on the recognition of myside bias and social biases and the associated self-other asymmetry in everyday contexts. In spite of their importance, demographical factors have not been considered in previous studies in this area and have been much neglected in psychological research [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bias in bias recognition: People view others but not themselves as biased by preexisting beliefs and social stigmas

Wang

Jeon

2020

PLoS ONE

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Biases perpetuate when people think that they are innocent whereas others are guilty of biases. We examined whether people would detect biased thinking and behavior in others but not themselves as influenced by preexisting beliefs (myside bias) and social stigmas (social biases). The results of three large studies showed that, across demographic groups, participants attributed more biases to others than to themselves, and that this self-other asymmetry was particularly salient among those who hold strong beliefs about the existence of biases (Study 1 and Study 2). The self-other asymmetry in bias recognition dissipated when participants made simultaneous predictions about others' and their own thoughts and behaviors (Study 3). People thus exhibit bias in bias recognition, and this metacognitive bias may be remedied when it is highlighted to people that we are all susceptible to biasing influences.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bias in bias recognition: People view others but not themselves as biased by preexisting beliefs and social stigmas

Wang

Jeon

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…As illustrated in Figure 1, these processes are deeply embedded in the macro context of the culture that comprises complex systems of meanings and practices (Rogoff et al., 2018; Shweder et al., 1998). Cultural elements, such as beliefs, cognitive styles, tools, and ecology, may operate on memory development by affecting information processing in children and shaping reminiscing activities between parents and children (Wang, 2018, 2021). Indeed, research has revealed cultural differences in children’s independent recall of their experiences as well as their shared memories with parents (for a review, see Wang, 2013).…”

Section: Independent and Shared Memories In The Cultural Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of autobiographical memory, perhaps like any cognitive skills, is the result of interaction between individual characteristics and cultural expectations. Many cultural elements may play a role in shaping the pathways to memory development (Wang, 2021). Research has examined several pathways, including self‐goals, language, emotion knowledge, and perceptual style, as illustrated in Figure 1.…”

Section: Culture Shapes Pathways To Rememberingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These memory abilities develop rapidly across the preschool years, and they continue to improve through middle childhood and adolescence and well into early adulthood (Fivush, 2011). Although the development of memory for significant personal experiences—autobiographical memory—entails a host of neurobiological, cognitive, linguistic, and social mechanisms, culture plays a critical role (Wang, 2013, 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cultural Pathways and Outcomes of Autobiographical Memory Development

Wang

2021

Child Dev Perspectives

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The development of autobiographical memory is a culturally constructive process in which children learn to remember and share their personal experiences in culture‐specific ways. In this article, I present a theoretical model that situates children’s independent recall and joint reminiscing with parents in the cultural context. Built on cross‐cultural research, the model specifies various pathways—self‐goals, language, emotion knowledge, and perceptual styles—through which culture shapes autobiographical memory development. The model also demonstrates the role of culture in moderating the psychosocial outcomes of remembering, so the content, form, and stance of memory serve functions specific to the cultural ecology. I conclude that the development of autobiographical memory occurs in response to children’s diverse cultural experiences, and outline directions for research.

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Collective memory: Collaborative recall synchronizes what and how people remember

Greeley

Rajaram

2023

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Memory researchers and theorists have long advanced the idea that the manner in which information is retrieved is critical. The way retrieval unfolds provides critical insights into how memories are organized and accessed—an important aspect of memory missed by focusing only on quantity. Cognitive studies of memory in social contexts, deploying the collaborative memory paradigm, have also noted the importance of such retrieval organization. Such memory studies often focus on how relative to “groups” that never collaborated, former members of collaborating groups recall more of the same material (collective memory) and they do so in a more synchronized fashion (collective retrieval organization). In this review, we leverage the diverse methodological and quantitative toolkits that have traditionally targeted individual retrieval to highlight the ways in which this social memory research has examined collective memory and collective retrieval organization. To that end, we consider how the collaborative memory paradigm has integrated methods, such as free recall, that afford rich assessments of retrieval organization. Likewise, we consider the application of metrics that characterize organization patterns in different contexts. With this background in mind, we discuss the important theoretical and broader implications of research on collective memory and collective retrieval organization. This article is categorized under: Psychology > Memory

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The Cultural Foundation of Human Memory

Cited by 107 publications

References 143 publications

Bias in bias recognition: People view others but not themselves as biased by preexisting beliefs and social stigmas

Bias in bias recognition: People view others but not themselves as biased by preexisting beliefs and social stigmas

Cultural Pathways and Outcomes of Autobiographical Memory Development

Collective memory: Collaborative recall synchronizes what and how people remember

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