A new heterocycle, in which one pair of sp2 carbon atoms of indolizine is replaced by the -OPgroup of the -0P(0)(0R)function, has been synthesized. The structure of a member of the family has been solved by X-ray crystallographic methods. 7,8-Dimethyl-5-methoxy-5-oxo-X6-5-phospha-6-oxaindolizine [(CH3)2(0CH3)(0)-(CgHaNPO)] crystallizes from hexane-ether in space group P2i/c of the monoclinic system, with eight molecules, C9H12O3NP, in a unit cell of dimensions a = 17.334 (4), b = 7.773 (1), and c = 15.731 (4) Á; ß = 105.30 (2)°; Dcaicd = 1.38 g cm-3 and Z)meas = 1.38 (1) g cm-3. There are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. Data were obtained on a computer-controlled CAD-4 diffractometer. A multiple solution direct methods technique was employed, and the structure was refined by full-matrix least-squares methods to a final R value of 4.1% on F based on 2252 independent structure amplitudes. The P-N, P-O, and P=0 bond distances are 1.65,1.57, and 1.44 A, respec-7,8-Dimethyl-5-methoxy-5-oxo-X5-5-phospha-6-oxaindolizine