The Crustacean Eye: Dark/ Light Adaptation, Polarization Sensitivity, Flicker Fusion Frequency, and Photoreceptor Damage

Meyer-Rochow, Victor Benno

doi:10.2108/zsj.18.1175

Cited by 98 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 116 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The superposition eye (also known as a clear-zone eye because of its diagnostic pigment-free gap between dioptric and light-perceiving structures) is characteristically developed in nocturnal species like moths (Yagi & Koyama 1963), neuropterans and caddis-flies (Ehnbohm 1948, Nilsson 1990) as well as some carabid and scarabaeid beetles amongst the insects and in crayfishes, lobsters and shrimps amongst the crustaceans (Exner 1891, Stavenga 1989, Meyer-Rochow 2001. Some exceptions are known for both eye types: apposition eyes can also be present in, for example, certain nocturnal Hymenoptera (Menzi 1987;Frederiksen et al 2008;Greiner et al 2004Greiner et al , 2007, and superposition eyes have been described from some species of day-active moths (Yagi 1951, Horridge et al 1972, Warrant 1999, Lau & Meyer-Rochow 2007.…”

Section: Photoreceptor Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description and interpretation of the internal structure of a Cambrian crustacean compound eye

Schoenemann¹,

Clarkson²,

Castellani³

et al. 2014

Bull. Geosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The exceptionally good preservation of phosphatised, three dimensionally preserved "Orsten" arthropods permits insight into the internal morphology of ancient compound eyes. Analysis, presented here, of the stalked eyes of a Cambrian "Orsten" crustacean reveals structures such as a cornea, a crystalline cone, rhabdomers belonging to possibly five or six sensory cells and an absence of a gap (known as the clear-zone) between dioptric structures and the retina. All these features collectively suggest that this compound eye is of the apposition type. Thus, the principle of mosaic vision likely dates back to Cambrian times, more than half a billion years ago. Using well-established methods this eye can be characterised as dim-light adapted and is likely to have belonged to a benthic organism like many others known from fossils of the Cambrian Alum Shale of Sweden. This seems to be one of the oldest known apposition eyes, and the structural differences between it and eyes more closely conforming to the tetraconate system are likely to be related to the small size of the eye and the photic environment in which it had to operate. Differences from typical compound eye organisation, such as for instance a smaller number of retinula cells than the more typical eight found in most tetraconate arthropods, suggest that either the tetraconate system is not basal and universal, as is often assumed, or that modifications to the system enabling the eye to improve photon capture had already occurred during the Cambrian. •

show abstract

Section: Photoreceptor Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description and interpretation of the internal structure of a Cambrian crustacean compound eye

Schoenemann¹,

Clarkson²,

Castellani³

et al. 2014

Bull. Geosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Either, a rhythmic phenomenon still occurs in this organism placed under constant conditions, or structural / hormonal variations are observed in correlation with one rhythm in this same organism. Structural variations of the eye between day and night were observed in many Cladocerans species (Debaisieux 1944, Nilsson & Odselius 1981, Land 1996, Meyer-Rochow 2001. Merely the state of eyes at light and dark were described, nothing about structural variation over time was reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the rhythm of vertical migration of Daphnia longispina circadian or simply nycthemeral ?

Cellier-Michel

Rehaïlia

Berthon

2003

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

From an ecological viewpoint, diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton is an adapted response to environmental factors. DVM coincides with changes in light intensity, but persists also under constant illumination conditions. This fact suggests the existence of an internal clock. In Daphnia longispina, it could be located in the eye. Indeed, the spatial distribution of the pigments containing in the eye ommatidia exhibits significant changes over time when Daphnia are kept under light/dark (LD) conditions. These variations coincide with displacements of the organisms. Furthermore, it is observed that the blue/dark conditions, which inhibit DVM, also stop changes in the distribution of pigments in the ommatidia. The modifications of the eye observed under LD white light represent either the internal clock or its manifestation.

show abstract

“…We know that crayfish, lobsters, and spiny lobsters all possess compound eyes with numerous square facets that increase in number and expand the area through which light can enter the eye with each moult (parker 1891; Rutherford & horridge 1965;Meyer-Rochow 2001;Land & Nilsson 2002). in the adults, a region, devoid of screening pigments and known as the "clear-zone", separates the distal, dioptric structures (cornea and cone) from the lightperceiving, proximal elements (the retina with its photoreceptive cells and their rhabdoms).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…during dark adaptation, screening pigments move out of the light path, effectively widening the eye's aperture to improve sensitivity, and aggregate distally between the cones and proximally below (i.e., behind) the retina and its tapetum. Light-adaptation sees the screening pigments invade the clear-zone from both distal and proximal sides, thus rendering the tapetum ineffective as a reflector and cutting down the amount of light reaching the photoreceptive cells and their rhabdoms (e.g., Meyer-Rochow 2001;Land & Nilsson 2002). at the same time, however, resolving power of the eye is improved (deBruin & crisp 1957;walcott 1974;Ziedins & MeyerRochow 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, closely related species of crayfish were shown to exhibit different biochemical reactions to prolonged exposures to light (Meyer-Rochow et al 1999) and from a visual behavioural standpoint, it has become obvious that eyes, adapted to a nocturnal or a diurnal environment, function very differently with regard to general and spectral sensitivities, speed of reaction and resolving power (walcott 1974;Meyer-Rochow 2001). Thus, an investigation of the eye of the slipper lobster S. latus seemed overdue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Anatomy and ultrastructural organisation of the eye of the Mediterranean slipper lobster,Scyllarides latus:preliminary results

Lau

Spanier²,

Meyer‐Rochow

2009

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gross anatomical organisation and ultrastructure of day-and nighttime light-and dark-adapted eyes of the Mediterranean slipper lobster, Scyllarides latus, revealed that the retina of this crustacean reacts to different ambient light intensities with photomechanical changes, involving principally screening and reflecting pigments and that a circadian component controls full darkadaptation. Although similarities to the earlier investigated eyes of spiny and rock lobsters exist, one significant difference concerns the spindle shape of the adult slipper lobster rhabdom and the banded structure of the latter, caused by orthogonallyaligned layers of microvilli. The rhabdom structure M07115; Online publication date 24 February 2009 Received 30 November 2007; accepted 21 February 2008of adult slipper lobsters thus resembles that of larval rock lobsters and suggests sensitivity to polarised light. The extensive clear-zone between dioptric and light-perceiving elements in the eye of the slipper lobster, the relatively large number of ommatidia and facet diameters of 90 µm, moreover, suggest that the slipper lobster eye is particularly suited for vision in a dimly lit environment and operates on the principle of "reflecting superposition optics". The position of the eyes on the head and the thick cornea are indicative of a need to protect the eyes against physical damage.

show abstract

The Crustacean Eye: Dark/ Light Adaptation, Polarization Sensitivity, Flicker Fusion Frequency, and Photoreceptor Damage

Cited by 98 publications

References 116 publications

Description and interpretation of the internal structure of a Cambrian crustacean compound eye

Description and interpretation of the internal structure of a Cambrian crustacean compound eye

Is the rhythm of vertical migration of Daphnia longispina circadian or simply nycthemeral ?

Anatomy and ultrastructural organisation of the eye of the Mediterranean slipper lobster,Scyllarides latus:preliminary results

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About