Is the rhythm of vertical migration of Daphnia longispina circadian or simply nycthemeral ?

Cellier-Michel, S.; Rehaïlia, M.; Berthon, J.

doi:10.1051/limn/2003021

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, we cannot completely exclude the possibility that the structure of the TTFL of Daphnia differs from those proposed for insects that can run free under LL and DD conditions. Moreover, such reasoning may implicate a lack of diel vertical migrations (DVMs) of Daphnia longispina reared under special LD conditions; when animals were exposed exclusively to blue light during the light period, they became arrhythmic, thus behaving like most animals in LL (Cellier‐Michela et al., ). If the oscillator structure of Daphnia was similar to those of insects, it would be strongly synchronized by the Zeitgeber under blue LD conditions, i.e., the light with wavelengths corresponding to the blue light that directly affects its mechanism via the photoreactive CRY 1 protein (Suri et al., ; Emery et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Expression of the Clock Genes in the Water Flea Daphnia pulex (Crustacea: Cladocera)

et al. 2016

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The timekeeping mechanisms that operate at the core of circadian clocks (oscillators) are based on interacting molecular feedback loops consisting of clock and clock-associated genes. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the expression of clock genes (particularly those forming its core) in single crustacean species at the mRNA and protein levels, and these studies could serve as a basis for constructing a model of the crustacean molecular oscillator. Studies on Daphnia pulex are well suited to fill this gap because this species is the only representative crustacean whose genome has been sequenced. We analyzed the abundance of 20 gene transcripts throughout the day in the whole bodies of D. pulex (single clone); we found that 15 of these genes were transcriptionally active, and most had daily expression level changes. According to the functional classification of their homologues in insects, these genes may represent elements of the Daphnia molecular oscillator core and its input and output pathways. Studies of PERIOD (PER) protein, one of the main clock components, revealed its rhythmic expression pattern in the epidermis, gut, and ovaries. Finally, the cycling levels of many of these clock components observed in animals reared in continuous light led to the conclusion that the Daphnia oscillator, even if it is structurally similar to the oscillators of other arthropods, can be considered a particularly important adaptive mechanism for living in environments with extreme photoperiods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Expression of the Clock Genes in the Water Flea Daphnia pulex (Crustacea: Cladocera)

et al. 2016

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“…Here, we evaluate whether there is a circadian rhythm in feeding behavior in Daphnia dentifera , a dominant primary consumer in North American temperate lakes. Prior studies have indicated that Daphnia have core clock genes and circadian expression of melatonin, immune, and sensory genes (Cellier-Michel et al, 2003; Bentkowski et al, 2010; Bernatowicz et al, 2016; Schwarzenberger and Wacker, 2015; Schwarzenberger et al, 2020, 2021). Daphnia are a model system for studying circadian rhythms in feeding behavior because they reproduce clonally, making individuals genetically identical, and quantifying individual feeding rates is relatively simple (Hite et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

Circadian Rhythm in Feeding Behavior of Daphnia dentifera

2021

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Circadian rhythms enable organisms to mediate their molecular and physiological processes with changes in their environment. Although feeding behavior directly affects within-organism processes, there are few examples of a circadian rhythm in this key behavior. Here, we show that Daphnia have a nocturnal circadian rhythm in feeding behavior that corresponds with their diel vertical migration (DVM), an important life history strategy for predator and UV avoidance. In addition, this feeding rhythm appears to be temperature compensated, which suggests that feeding behavior is robust to seasonal changes in water temperature. A circadian rhythm in feeding behavior can impact energetically demanding processes like metabolism and immunity, which may have drastic effects on susceptibility to disease, starvation risk, and ultimately, fitness.

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“…Many Daphnia clones are migrating to deeper water layers during the day in order to escape UV light and fish predation (Loose and Dawidowicz, 1994;Rhode et al, 2001;Ekvall et al, 2015); thus, they are confronted with diurnal changes in food quality and quantity. In Daphnia, the involvement of the clock in diel vertical migration (DVM) is likely (Cellier-Michel et al, 2003), especially because DVM is inhibited by the application of exogenous melatonin (Bentkowski et al, 2010). Since food quantity often is high at the surface of freshwater bodies (where Daphnia are situated during night) and low in deeper water levels (to which Daphnia sink to during day) a circadian expression and activity of digestive enzymes is expected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More Light Please: Daphnia Benefit From Light Pollution by Increased Tolerance Toward Cyanobacterial Chymotrypsin Inhibitors

2022

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Cryptochromes are evolutionary ancient blue-light photoreceptors that are part of the circadian clock in the nervous system of many organisms. Cryptochromes transfer information of the predominant light regime to the clock which results in the fast adjustment to photoperiod. Therefore, the clock is sensitive to light changes and can be affected by anthropogenic Artificial Light At Night (ALAN). This in turn has consequences for clock associated behavioral processes, e.g., diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton. In freshwater ecosystems, the zooplankton genus Daphnia performs DVM in order to escape optically hunting predators and to avoid UV light. Concomitantly, Daphnia experience circadian changes in food-supply during DVM. Daphnia play the keystone role in the carbon-transfer to the next trophic level. Therefore, the whole ecosystem is affected during the occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms as cyanobacteria reduce food quality due to their production of digestive inhibitors (e.g., protease inhibitors). In other organisms, digestion is linked to the circadian clock. If this is also the case for Daphnia, the expression of protease genes should show a rhythmic expression following circadian expression of clock genes (e.g., cryptochrome 2). We tested this hypothesis and demonstrated that gene expression of the clock and of proteases was affected by ALAN. Contrary to our expectations, the activity of one type of proteases (chymotrypsins) was increased by ALAN. This indicates that higher protease activity might improve the diet utilization. Therefore, we treated D. magna with a chymotrypsin-inhibitor producing cyanobacterium and found that ALAN actually led to an increase in Daphnia’s growth rate in comparison to growth on the same cyanobacterium in control light conditions. We conclude that this increased tolerance to protease inhibitors putatively enables Daphnia populations to better control cyanobacterial blooms that produce chymotrypsin inhibitors in the Anthropocene, which is defined by light pollution and by an increase of cyanobacterial blooms due to eutrophication.

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Is the rhythm of vertical migration of Daphnia longispina circadian or simply nycthemeral ?

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Temporal Expression of the Clock Genes in the Water Flea Daphnia pulex (Crustacea: Cladocera)

Temporal Expression of the Clock Genes in the Water Flea Daphnia pulex (Crustacea: Cladocera)

Circadian Rhythm in Feeding Behavior of Daphnia dentifera

More Light Please: Daphnia Benefit From Light Pollution by Increased Tolerance Toward Cyanobacterial Chymotrypsin Inhibitors

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