The "Crowding Effect" in Tapeworm Infections

Read, Clark P.

doi:10.2307/3284755

Cited by 24 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Alternatively or concomitantly, Diphyllobothrium sp. could compete with taeniids in the gastrointestinal tract of their host (Read, 1951;Roberts, 2000;Bush and Lotz, 2000;Conlan et al 2009). Notably, a lower prevalence of Taeniids and Sarcocystis sp.…”

Section: Seasonal Patterns In Parasite Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and biogeographical patterns of gastrointestinal parasites in large carnivores: wolves in a coastal archipelago

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYParasites are increasingly recognized for their profound influences on individual, population and ecosystem health. We provide the first report of gastrointestinal parasites in gray wolves from the central and north coasts of British Columbia, Canada. Across 60 000 km2, wolf feces were collected from 34 packs in 2005–2008. At a smaller spatial scale (3300 km2), 8 packs were sampled in spring and autumn. Parasite eggs, larvae, and cysts were identified using standard flotation techniques and morphology. A subset of samples was analysed by PCR and sequencing to identify tapeworm eggs (n=9) andGiardiacysts (n=14). We detected ⩾14 parasite taxa in 1558 fecal samples.Sarcocystissporocysts occurred most frequently in feces (43·7%), followed by taeniid eggs (23·9%),Diphyllobothriumeggs (9·1%),Giardiacysts (6·8%),Toxocara caniseggs (2·1%), andCryptosporidiumoocysts (1·7%). Other parasites occurred in ⩽1% of feces. Genetic analyses revealedEchinococcus canadensisstrains G8 and G10,Taenia ovis krabbei, Diphyllobothrium nehonkaiense,andGiardia duodenalisassemblages A and B. Parasite prevalence differed between seasons and island/mainland sites. Patterns in parasite prevalence reflect seasonal and spatial resource use by wolves and wolf-salmon associations. These data provide a unique, extensive and solid baseline for monitoring parasite community structure in relation to environmental change.

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Section: Seasonal Patterns In Parasite Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and biogeographical patterns of gastrointestinal parasites in large carnivores: wolves in a coastal archipelago

et al. 2012

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“…Equally of interest, Holmes (1962 b) failed to find the same relationship between these species in a different host, the hamster. It is also relevant that H. diminuta is a species that is particularly sensitive to crowding effects (density-dependent regulation), its size and fecundity being severely affected even when just two worms, rather than a single worm, are present (Read, 1951 ;Roberts, 2000). These papers by Holmes are widely regarded as the start of the field of quantitative helminth community ecology (Esch et al 1990 ;Janovy, 2002).…”

Section: T Y P E S O F I N T E R a C T I O N S A N D S O U R C E S O mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure in parasite component communities in wild rodents: predictability, stability, associations and interactions .... or pure randomness?

Behnke

2008

Parasitology

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SUMMARYExperimental data establish that interactions exist between species of intestinal helminths during concurrent infections in rodents, the strongest effects being mediated through the host's immune responses. Detecting immune-mediated relationships in wild rodent populations has been fraught with problems and published data do not support a major role for interactions in structuring helminth communities. Helminths in wild rodents show predictable patterns of seasonal, host age-dependent and spatial variation in species richness and in abundance of core species. When these are controlled for, patterns of co-infection compatible with synergistic interactions can be demonstrated. At least one of these, the positive relationship betweenHeligmosomoides polygyrusand species richness of other helminths has been demonstrated in three totally independent data-sets. Collectively, they explain only a small percentage of the variance/deviance in abundance data and at this level are unlikely to play a major role in structuring helminth communities, although they may be important in the more heavily infected wood mice. Current worm burdens underestimate the possibility that earlier interactions through the immune system have taken place, and therefore interactions may have a greater role to play than is immediately evident from current worm burdens. Longitudinal studies are proposed to resolve this issue.

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“…por parte dos hospedeiros (READ, 1951;HOLMES, 1961;1962a;1962b;LOTZ, 2000;ROBERTS, 2000;LOWRIE et al, 2004). Outros autores afirmaram que diferenças na capacidade reprodutiva entre os parasitos e a heterogeneidade existente entre hospedeiros podem gerar enganos em relação aos mecanismos dependentes da densidade (KEYMER;SLATER, 1987;POULIN, 1995;1996).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Vivem na mata baixa, rala e bem ensolarada (SICK, 1997;SIL-VA et al, 2003). São aves granívoras, de bico grosso e cônico, que forrageiam no solo, podendo ingerir pequenos artrópodes e moluscos (RIDGELY; TUDOR, 1989;SICK, 1997). Por suas qualidades canoras, tanto os machos quanto às fêmeas são disputados no mercado clandestino, o que faz com que sofram grande pressão de caçadores, sendo uma das espécies que mais movimenta o comércio ilegal de aves silvestres (SICK, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Aspectos quantitativos e morfométricos das infrapopulações de platynosomum illiciens (trematoda: dicrocoeliidae) em paroaria dominicana (passeriformes: emberizidae) do estado da Bahia, Brasil

Carvalho

Souza-Lima

Daemon

et al. 2007

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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RESUMODurante o estudo dos metazoários parasitos de Paroaria dominicana Linnaeus, 1758 (Passeriformes), quatro infrapopulações de Platynosomum illiciens (Brown, 1901) (Brown, 1901) (Trematoda), parasitic in the liver ducts were collected, with intensity of infection 10, 11, 18 and 36 specimens respectively. Differences between the means of morphometrical values and the total number of eggs were statistically tested. The liver weigh were not significantly correlated with avian total weigh and length, and with the total parasitic abundance. Positive correlations were observed between the size of infrapopulations and the total number of eggs, and between parasite body size and the eggs. size. Negative correlations were observed between parasitic intensity and liver weigh; between the size of infrapopulations and the parasite body size; between total number and the size of eggs and between parasite body size and total number of eggs. These results suggests that host with smaller liver had greater infrapopulations. These greater infrapopulations showed smaller parasite body size and higher size and number of eggs.

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The "Crowding Effect" in Tapeworm Infections

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Seasonal and biogeographical patterns of gastrointestinal parasites in large carnivores: wolves in a coastal archipelago

Seasonal and biogeographical patterns of gastrointestinal parasites in large carnivores: wolves in a coastal archipelago

Structure in parasite component communities in wild rodents: predictability, stability, associations and interactions .... or pure randomness?

Aspectos quantitativos e morfométricos das infrapopulações de platynosomum illiciens (trematoda: dicrocoeliidae) em paroaria dominicana (passeriformes: emberizidae) do estado da Bahia, Brasil

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