The crack evolution on the atomistic scale during the pyrolysis of carbon fibre reinforced plastics to carbon/carbon composites

Schulte-Fischedick, Jan; Zern, A.; Rühle, M.; Voggenreiter, Heinz

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.05.004

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the general type of CFRP (reinforced with PAN-based or pitch-based fibers), the thickness of CFRP decreased in conjunction with the resin shrinkage. [4][5][6] As shown in Figure 6, the deformation behavior of Material 2 accorded with earlier reports; material shrinkage was observed at temperatures higher than 350°C. However, the deformation behavior of Material 1 shifted from shrinkage to expansion at 500°C.…”

Section: Quasi-static Heating Tests (Qs Tests)supporting

confidence: 89%

“…[4][5][6] In the present study, no defect was observed at temperatures lower than 500°C. Major defects increasing porosity were produced only at temperatures higher than 500°C, due to active pyrolysis reaction.…”

Section: Thermal Degradationsupporting

confidence: 44%

“…The kynol fiber is suitable for the reinforcement of ablation material, because the thermal conductivity and density is lower than those of general carbon fiber (PAN or pitch-based carbon fiber). Although several researchers have reported thermal deformation of CFRPs reinforced with general type of carbon fibers, [4][5][6] deformation of kynol-based carbon fiber-reinforced composites has not been investigated. Resol-type phenolic resin has been applied as the matrix of ablation materials because this resin exhibits low recession due to high char yielding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of thermal deformations of carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic matrix ablators by arc-plasma wind tunnel heating and quasi-static heating

Kubota

Fukuda

Hatta

et al. 2014

Advanced Composite Materials

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Thermal deformation mechanisms of ablators were elucidated using two types of different pore-size materials under quasi-static heating (QS) conditions. When the material has small pores (Material 1), large expansion in the thickness at temperatures higher than 500°C occurred by buckling of fiber bundles caused by mismatch strain between the fiber and matrix when the matrix shrunk. In contrast, when large pores are included in the matrix (Material 2), the cracking in the matrix relaxed the mismatch strain and suppressed the buckling. Next, the deformation of Material 1 after arc-plasma wind tunnel heating (AP) tests was examined to identify the causes of thermal deformation. In this environment, expansion also occurred. However, in addition to the fiber bundle buckling, delamination leads to larger expansion than that in QS. The temperature generating expansion in AP tests was higher than that in QS tests. This behavior is caused by reaction rate slower than rapid heating rate.

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Section: Quasi-static Heating Tests (Qs Tests)supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Thermal Degradationsupporting

confidence: 44%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of thermal deformations of carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic matrix ablators by arc-plasma wind tunnel heating and quasi-static heating

Kubota

Fukuda

Hatta

et al. 2014

Advanced Composite Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the pyrolysis temperature is increased, shrinkage stress generates which locally exceeds the tensile strength of matrix and leads to cracking. It was observed by using thermo-optical analysis that in the case of bi-directionally reinforced CFRP composites, first fibre-matrix debonding occurs beyond 505 ℃ [26]. This debonding results in the segmentation of the fibre tows and leads to a translaminar microcrack pattern with dense C/C segments [25].…”

Section: Processing Of C/c-sic Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological behaviour of C/C–SiC composites—A review

Kumar

Srivastava

2016

J Adv Ceram

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Ceramic matrix composites made of carbon fibres and carbon matrix (C/C) are generally used for aircraft structures and brake discs due to their low density, and good thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties. Silicon carbide (SiC) can be introduced to the matrix to improve the performance of C/C composites, because it increases the hardness and thermal stability, and decreases the chemical reactivity, which leads to the improvement of tribological properties of C/C composites. Thus carbon-carbon silicon carbide (C/C-SiC) composites can be used at high temperature for the application of brake discs, friction clutches, etc. C/C-SiC composites are fabricated by three different methods: (i) chemical vapour infiltration (CVI), (ii) polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP), and (iii) liquid silicon infiltration (LSI), among which LSI method is widely used for the fabrication of C/C-SiC composites due to higher mechanical and thermal properties.

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“…Thermal and thermo-chemical processes are another option for recycling of reinforced plastics [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the mechanical properties of reinforced LDPE composites made with carbon fibres recovered via solvothermal processing

Yıldırır

Miskolczi

Onwudili

et al. 2015

Composites Part B: Engineering

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Carbon fibre was recovered from a thermoset composite via a solvo-thermal process and used as reinforcement in low density polyethylene (LDPE). The oxidized recovered carbon fibres have shown better properties than original non-oxidized fibres. The best interactions between the continuous and dispersed phases were found using 3-aminopropyl-trimetoxysilane and experimentally synthesized polyalkenyl-polymaleic anhydride based polymers. The tensile strength of the prepared composites nearly doubled when 3-aminopropyl-trimetoxysilane was used as compatibilizer, in comparison to the composites prepared without additives. Based on infrared analysis, a chemical reaction has been proposed between -COOH groups of compatibilizers and the -OH groups of the carbon fibre surface for the best composites.

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The crack evolution on the atomistic scale during the pyrolysis of carbon fibre reinforced plastics to carbon/carbon composites

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Comparison of thermal deformations of carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic matrix ablators by arc-plasma wind tunnel heating and quasi-static heating

Comparison of thermal deformations of carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic matrix ablators by arc-plasma wind tunnel heating and quasi-static heating

Tribological behaviour of C/C–SiC composites—A review

Evaluating the mechanical properties of reinforced LDPE composites made with carbon fibres recovered via solvothermal processing

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