The Coyote on a Natural Area in Northeastern Kansas

Fitch, Henry S.; Packard, Robert L.

doi:10.2307/3625762

Cited by 20 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Another significant finding of this study was the lack of support for the occurrence of sex-biased natal dispersal in the opossum, despite a number of previous accounts indicating that this species exhibits male-biased natal dispersal (Fitch and Sandidge 1953;Holmes and Sanderson 1965;Wright 1989;Ryser 1995). Although natal dispersal serves various functions, it is thought to have evolved to reduce competition among kin and conspecifics, avoid inbreeding, and cope with habitat and environmental variability (Bowler and Benton 2005).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

“…For the male analysis, the experiment-wide alpha (a EW ) was 0.014. For the analysis that included only females, the a EW was 0.013. agricultural land use (Fitch and Sandidge 1953;Holmes and Sanderson 1965;Wright 1989;Ryser 1995). Alternatively, the expansive (1165 km 2 ), highly fragmented agricultural ecosystem in which our research was conducted is characterized by a high degree of complexity, with discrete forest patches embedded in a large agricultural matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the raccoon (Procyon lotor (L., 1758)), the primary competitor of the Virginia opossum, exhibits significant levels of local genetic structure as a result of the spatial aggregation of closely related individuals in an agriculturally dominated area in Indiana (Dharmarajan et al 2009). In contrast, movement behavior in Virginia opossums has been documented to be nomadic (McManus 1974;Whitaker and Mumford 2009), but male-biased dispersal with female philopatry has also been observed (Fitch and Sandidge 1953;Holmes and Sanderson 1965;Wright 1989;Ryser 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although opossums have been studied extensively both historically and recently using traditional techniques, such as radiotelemetry and capturemark-recapture (Fitch and Sandidge 1953;Gipson and Kamler 2001), population organization of the species has not been thoroughly evaluated with the aid of molecular markers. In genetic analyses, there is a continuum of possible outcomes that may be observed given the range of movement behaviors that could exist in the Virginia opossum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic structure of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population inhabiting a fragmented agricultural ecosystem

et al. 2012

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Fragmentation has drastically altered the quality of habitats throughout numerous ecosystems, often leading to dramatic changes in the composition of wildlife communities. The ecology and associated movement behavior of a species may also be modified as a result of forest fragmentation, resulting in changes in genetic composition of the affected species. In this research, we evaluated the genetic structure of the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana Kerr, 1792) at the landscape and local scales in a fragmented, agricultural ecosystem in northern Indiana using 13 microsatellite loci. We examined 290 samples from opossums inhabiting 28 discrete habitat patches, and evaluated partitioning of genetic variation of opossums among and within habitat patches. We observed low but significant levels of genetic structure (FST = 0.005) overall, and pairwise comparisons of FST values among habitat patches also were relatively low. Relatedness within patches was highly variable (-0.077 ≤ rxy ≤ 0.060), with a few patches exhibiting significantly higher levels of relatedness than random expectations, and we detected no evidence of sex-biased natal dispersal. These results contrast with previous field studies that documented male-biased dispersal in the Virginia opossum, indicating dispersal in this species is plastic and dependent upon local environmental conditions.Résumé : La fragmentation a fortement modifié la qualité des habitats dans un grand nombre d'écosystèmes, ce qui a souvent causé des changements spectaculaires dans la composition des communautés de la faune sauvage. L'écologie et le comportement de déplacement associé d'une espèce peuvent aussi être changés à cause de la fragmentation des forêts, ce qui entraîne une altération dans la composition génétique de l'espèce affectée. Notre étude évalue à l'analyse de 13 locus microsatellites la structure génétique des sarigues de Virginie (Didelphis virginiana Kerr, 1792) aux échelles du paysage et de la localité dans un écosystème agricole fragmenté dans le nord de l'Indiana. Nous avons examiné 290 échantillons de sarigues habitant 28 taches séparées d'habitat et mesuré la partition de la variation génétique des sarigues entre les taches d'habitat et à l'intérieur de ces taches. Il existe des niveaux faibles, mais significatifs, de structure génétique (FST = 0,005) dans l'ensemble; les comparaisons deux par deux des valeurs de FST dans les taches d'habitat sont aussi relativement faibles. Le degré de parenté à l'intérieur des taches est très variable (-0,077 ≤ rxy ≤ 0,060), mais quelques taches affichent des degrés de parenté significativement supérieurs à ce qu'on attend par chance; il n'y a pas d'indication de dispersion à la naissance particulière selon le sexe. Ces résultats sont bien différents de ceux d'études de terrain antérieures qui décrivent une dispersion qui favorise les sarigues de Virginie mâles, ce qui montre que la dispersion est variable chez cette espèce et dépend des conditions locales de l'environnement.[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic structure of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population inhabiting a fragmented agricultural ecosystem

et al. 2012

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“…Fire has an important role in the dynamic of almost every forest and grasslands, as it is a factor that restarts the cycle of ecological succession (Flores & Rodríguez, 2006;Fitch, 2006;Jardel et al, 2009). Because of this, we want to un-derstand and define under what conditions fire could have positive effects to support fire management objectives (Jardel et al, 2009;Sheuyange et al, 2005;Anaya, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Density Analysis of a Semi Desert Ecosystem Disturbed by Fire

Garnica¹

2018

OJF

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In Mexico, forest ecosystems are disturbed by fires and generally these are considered to have negative impacts. However, it is important to consider that fire is an element of these ecosystems, and is important for its functionality. So it should be understood that in many cases the effects of a forest fire are beneficial, which can be determined through studies of population dynamics of these ecosystems. However, most of these studies currently focused only on aspects of species composition, with few cases concerning the analysis of the structure and density. In this study, a comparative analysis of the vegetation showed that conditions prevailing between burned and unburned areas of a site covered by microphyll desert species (shrubs and mesquite). The results suggest that the structure and density conditions of vegetation between burned and unburned areas are not statistically different. This is highlighted because one year after the fire occurred there is no evidence that fire had altered the structure and density of vegetation. Moreover, both in burned and unburned areas, vegetation had a healthy condition. Finally, although this may suggests that the fire was of low intensity, which resulted in a low impact on vegetation, in future studies it is recommended to determine if the same results are observed under different possible fire behavior and intensity.

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Manipulation of basking sites for endangered eastern massasauga rattlesnakes

et al. 2016

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Generating open-canopy basking sites via manipulation of vegetative cover has been proposed as a conservation strategy for snakes and other reptiles. We assessed how endangered eastern massasauga rattlesnakes (Sistrurus catenatus) responded to 2 types of manipulations at a wetland site in New York, USA: 1) cutting shrubs to create 100-m 2 plots within known gestation areas in 2008, 2011, and 2012, and 2) cutting tree and shrub cover in the adjacent forest to create a 4-ha forest clearing in 2011. Based on systematic visual surveys from June to August in 2011 and 2012, we estimated snake presence among manipulated and unmanipulated plots in response to plot treatment date. We observed massasaugas selecting newly manipulated plots more often than unmanipulated plots within known gestation areas in both 2011 and 2012, but we detected no increase in massasauga activity within the adjacent forest clearing in either year. The effectiveness of vegetation cutting appeared to decline after 3 years because of vegetation re-growth. We suggest that cutting shrubs to 0.25 m in height can benefit this population of rare snakes, which faces limited availability of basking sites because of vegetative succession. Ó

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The Coyote on a Natural Area in Northeastern Kansas

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic structure of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population inhabiting a fragmented agricultural ecosystem

Genetic structure of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population inhabiting a fragmented agricultural ecosystem

Structure and Density Analysis of a Semi Desert Ecosystem Disturbed by Fire

Manipulation of basking sites for endangered eastern massasauga rattlesnakes

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