The COVID-19 pandemic: a global health crisis

Pollard, Casey; Morran, Michael P.; Nestor-Kalinoski, Andrea L.

doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00089.2020

Cited by 355 publications

(317 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified as the causative agent for a series of atypical respiratory diseases, and the disease termed COVID-19 was officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020 (Pollard, Morran, and Nestor-Kalinoski 2020). SARS-CoV-2 has a great impact on human health all over the world, the virulence and pathogenicity of which may be relevant to (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrinolysis influences SARS-CoV-2 infection in ciliated cells

Hou

Ding

Nie

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Rapid spread of COVID-19 has caused an unprecedented pandemic worldwide, and an inserted furin site in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) may account for increased transmissibility. Plasmin, and other host proteases, may cleave the furin site of SARS-CoV-2 S protein and γ subunits of epithelial sodium channels (γ ENaC), resulting in an increment in virus infectivity and channel activity. As for the importance of ENaC in the regulation of airway surface and alveolar fluid homeostasis, whether SARS-CoV-2 will share and strengthen the cleavage network with ENaC proteins at the single-cell level is urgently worthy of consideration. To address this issue, we analyzed single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) datasets, and found the PLAU (encoding urokinase plasminogen activator), SCNN1G (γENaC), and ACE2 (SARS-CoV-2 receptor) were co-expressed in alveolar epithelial, basal, club, and ciliated epithelial cells. The relative expression level of PLAU, TMPRSS2, and ACE2 were significantly upregulated in severe COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 infected cell lines using Seurat and DESeq2 R packages. Moreover, the increments in PLAU, FURIN, TMPRSS2, and ACE2 were predominately observed in different epithelial cells and leukocytes. Accordingly, SARS-CoV-2 may share and strengthen the ENaC fibrinolytic proteases network in ACE2 positive airway and alveolar epithelial cells, which may expedite virus infusion into the susceptible cells and bring about ENaC associated edematous respiratory condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrinolysis influences SARS-CoV-2 infection in ciliated cells

Hou

Ding

Nie

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Since the beginning of the pandemic until 31 January 2021, about 103 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported worldwide, causing 2.23 million deaths [5]. The novel coronavirus pandemic constitutes a massive global health crisis [6,7] that has quickly evolved into a global meltdown [8,9]. COVID-19 has hit the economies and humans on an unprecedented scale since the Great Depression (1929)(1930)(1931)(1932)(1933) or the global financial crisis (2008)(2009) and is epidemically compared to the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional energy sources, i.e., natural gas, oil, coal, or nuclear, are non-renewable but still hold most of the energy market [22,23]. Conventional energy sources have proved to be highly effective drivers of economic growth, but have been damaging the environment and human health, and the fossil fuel-driven economies tend to be cyclical [6,7]. Alternative energy sources, including wind, hydropower, fuel cells, solar, biogas, biomass, tidal, geothermal, etc., are clean and routinely available in nature [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Alternative Energy Sector COVID-19 Resistant? Comparison with the Conventional Energy Sector: Markov-Switching Model Analysis of Stock Market Indices of Energy Companies

Czech

Wielechowski

2021

Energies

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The outbreak and rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the global financial markets, including the energy sector. Alternative energy belongs to the economy’s key sectors concerning environmental issues and seems to be a full-fledged alternative for fossil-based conventional energy. This paper aims to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the stock market indices related to the alternative and conventional energy sector. We use daily data on the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) Global Alternative Energy Index, the MSCI All Country World Index (ACWI) Energy Index, and self-developed Average-49 COVID-19 New Cases Index and Average-49 Stringency Index. The research covers the period January–October 2020. The average level of the MSCI Global Alternative Energy Index in COVID-19 year was more than a quarter higher than in 2019 while the MSCI ACWI Energy fell almost one-third in the same period. Based on the Markov-switching model, we show that both the MSCI Global Alternative Energy and the MSCI ACWI Energy are not significantly affected by the epidemic status. The analysed indices decline as the government anti-COVID-19 policy becomes more stringent, but the relationship is statistically significant only in the high-volatility regime. In comparison to the conventional energy index, we reveal that the alternative energy index stays most of its time in the low-volatility regime without being adversely and significantly affected by the COVID-19 related indicators. Our study shows that the alternative energy sector, represented by the MSCI Global Alternative Energy Index, seems to be more resistant to COVID-19 than the conventional energy sector. It might imply that the novel coronavirus pandemic has not depreciated but emphasised the growing concern about climate change and environmental pollution.

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“…The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis started in China in December 2019. By 30 January 2020, about 213 individuals had died and at least 9066 had been infected [ 1 ]. It also spread globally, first to a number of Asian countries, as well as to Canada, France, Germany, and the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals of Rhus spp. as Potential Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Molecular Docking and Drug-Likeness Study

Sherif

Gabr

Hosny

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated in China and spread to cover the entire world with an ongoing pandemic. The magnitude of the situation and the fast spread of the new and deadly virus, as well as the lack of specific treatment, led to a focus on research to discover new therapeutic agents. Aim. In this study, we explore the potential inhibitory effects of some active polyphenolic constituents of Rhus spp. (sumac) against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease enzyme (Mpro; 6LU7). Methods. 26 active polyphenolic compounds of Rhus spp. were studied for their antiviral activity by molecular docking, drug likeness, and synthetic accessibility score (SAS) as inhibitors against the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Results. The results show that all tested compounds of sumac provided good interaction with the main active site of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, with better, lower molecular docking energy (kcal/mol) compared to the well-known drugs chloroquine and favipiravir (Avigan). Only six active polyphenolic compounds of Rhus spp. (sumac), methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, (Z)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyprop-2-en-1-one, (Z)-2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-6-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one, 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-chroman-4-one, and 3,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one, were proposed by drug likeness, solubility in water, and SAS analysis as potential inhibitors of Mpro that may be used for the treatment of COVID-19. Conclusion. Six phenolic compounds of Rhus spp. are proposed for synthesis as potential inhibitors against Mpro and have potential for the treatment of COVID-19. These results encourage further in vitro and in vivo investigations of the proposed ligands and research on the preventive use of Rhus spp. against SARS-CoV-2.

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The COVID-19 pandemic: a global health crisis

Cited by 355 publications

References 85 publications

Fibrinolysis influences SARS-CoV-2 infection in ciliated cells

Fibrinolysis influences SARS-CoV-2 infection in ciliated cells

Is the Alternative Energy Sector COVID-19 Resistant? Comparison with the Conventional Energy Sector: Markov-Switching Model Analysis of Stock Market Indices of Energy Companies

Phytochemicals of Rhus spp. as Potential Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Molecular Docking and Drug-Likeness Study

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