The COST IRACON Geometry-Based Stochastic Channel Model for Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication in Intersections

Abstract

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) wireless communications can improve traffic safety at road intersections and enable congestion avoidance. However, detailed knowledge about the wireless propagation channel is needed for the development and realistic assessment of V2V communication systems. We present a novel geometry-based stochastic MIMO channel model with support for frequencies in the band of 5.2-6.2 GHz. The model is based on extensive high-resolution measurements at different road intersections in the city of Berlin, Germany. We extend existing models, by including the effects of various obstructions, higher order interactions, and by introducing an angular gain function for the scatterers. Scatterer locations have been identified and mapped to measured multi-path trajectories using a measurement-based ray tracing method and a subsequent RANSAC algorithm. The developed model is parameterized, and using the measured propagation paths that have been mapped to scatterer locations, model parameters are estimated. The time variant power fading of individual multi-path components is found to be best modeled by a Gamma process with an exponential autocorrelation. The path coherence distance is estimated to be in the range of 0-2 m. The model is also validated against measurement data, showing that the developed model accurately captures the behavior of the measured channel gain, Doppler spread, and delay spread. This is also the case for intersections that have not been used when estimating model parameters.

6G Wireless Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities

“…3) In a highway scenario, the channel is often sparse with a few dominant MPCs. V2V channels in urban scenarios tend to be much richer in their multipath structure [173]. 4) MPCs (especially in urban settings) tend to have a limited lifetime with frequent deaths and births [174].…”

Analysis of Non-Stationarity for 5.9 GHz Channel in Multiple Vehicle-to-Vehicle Scenarios

“…The two testing cars were moving like that shown in Figure 10. The relative speed under the intersection scenario is shown in Equation (7), where v tx is the speed of the Tx vehicle, v rx is the traveling speed of the Rx vehicle, and θ 1 is the angle between the LoS path of the two vehicles and the traveling direction of the Tx vehicle.…”

“…To evaluate the non-stationary wireless channel, channel modeling and channel measurement [ 6 ] are usually used. Channel modeling is divided into geometry-based stochastic channel modeling methods [ 7 , 8 ] and deterministic channel modeling based on the ray tracing method [ 9 , 10 ]. However, the propagation environment of electromagnetic waves is ever-changing.…”

Multi-Node Vehicular Wireless Channels: Measurements, Large Vehicle Modeling, and Hardware-in-the-Loop Evaluation

“…However, the MIMO GSCM presented in [19] is limited to vehicle-to vehicle communications in rural motorway and highway environments. The authors of [20] provide a generalized GSCM for urban intersections and they use high resolution measurements to identify scattering intersection points. However, although the authors of [20] use a general model, it shows moderate deviations when compared with measurement data.…”