In this paper, a very compact high-performance diplexer for satellite applications is presented. The diplexer has an overall bandwidth up to 50 %, and is composed of two novel band-pass filters (around 20 % and 7 % of relative bandwidth each one) joined together with an E-plane T-junction. The novel band-pass filters are designed by combining a low-pass filtering function (based on λ/4-step-shaped bandstop elements separated by very short waveguide sections) and a high-pass filtering structure (based on the waveguide propagation cutoff effect). The transmission band-pass filter provides the suppression of the higher-order modes over the reception band. The novel diplexer shows a very compact footprint and benefits of relaxed manufacturing tolerances. Moreover, it also achieves a very wide stopband for the reception channel and high-power operation. The final diplexer has been fabricated by milling, and the measurements of the device show a very good agreement with simulations, demonstrating the validity and manufacturing robustness of the proposed topology for stringent specifications.