The Convergence in Growth of Foliage-Chewing Insect Species on Individual Mountain Birch Trees

Hanhimäki, Sinikka; Senn, Josef; Haukioja, Erkki

doi:10.2307/5798

Cited by 40 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…ranked the trees in approximately the same order in terms of larval growth, confirming the earlier findings of Hanhimäki et al (1995). The growth rates in these species also tended to correlate with the same leaf traits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…To confirm that our data agreed with the previous studies (Hanhimäki et al 1995;Kause et al 1999b), we used Spearman rank order correlations between pairs of species to examine whether the different species rank trees in the same order in terms of larval growth and leaf consumption.…”

Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Despite the seasonal variation in the chemical composition of leaves, the growth rates of several species of sawflies feeding on the leaves of the same mountain birch trees have been found to correlate positively with each other (Hanhimäki et al 1995;Kause et al 1999b). The same pattern has not been discovered for leaf consumption, because of species-specific responses to poor quality leaves (Kause et al 1999b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variable responses of folivorous sawflies to leaf quality of mountain birch

Riipi¹,

Kause²,

Haukioja³

et al. 2005

Can. J. For. Res.

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Abstract:We studied whether the larval performance of four sawfly species feeding on mountain birch (Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii (Orlova) Hämet-Ahti) leaves at different times of the growing season was related to the same chemical and physical leaf traits. In the three phenologically earliest species, larval growth was related to the same set of leaf traits. In contrast, consumption of leaf material was related to different leaf traits in all of the four species. Leaf suitability for herbivore growth and tree resistance to herbivore consumption were thus not always determined by the same leaf traits. Leaf water content and toughness had the strongest associations with larval performance. Phenolics, which are often considered the main resistance compounds in deciduous trees, explained only a small part of the variance in leaf consumption, but some groups of phenolics were negatively related to larval growth. In conclusion, the same mountain birch trees were not resistant to all of the studied sawflies in terms of leaf consumption, but low leaf suitability, which was related to the same set of leaf traits in the case of three sawfly species, may serve birch resistance, e.g., by exposing larvae to natural enemies for a longer period. Résumé :Les auteurs ont examiné si la performance des larves de quatre espèces de tenthrèdes qui se nourrissent sur les feuilles du bouleau pubescent (Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii (Orlova) Hämet-Ahti) à différents moments de la saison de croissance est reliée aux mêmes caractéristiques physiques et chimiques des feuilles. Chez les trois espèces les plus précoces du point de vue phénologique, la croissance des larves était reliée au même groupe de caractéristi-ques des feuilles. Par contre, la consommation de matériel foliaire était reliée à différentes caractéristiques des feuilles chez chacune des quatre espèces. La qualité nutritive des feuilles pour la croissance des herbivores et la résistance des arbres à la consommation par les herbivores n'étaient par conséquent pas toujours déterminées par les mêmes traits foliaires. La teneur en eau des feuilles et leur coriacité étaient le plus étroitement reliées à la performance des larves. Les composés phénoliques qui sont souvent considérés comme responsables de la résistance chez les feuillus expliquaient seulement une faible proportion de la variance dans la consommation des feuilles. Par contre, certains groupes de composés phénoliques étaient négativement reliés à la croissance des larves. En conclusion, les mêmes bouleaux n'étaient pas résistants à toutes les espèces de tenthrèdes étudiées en terme de consommation des feuilles, mais la faible qualité nutritive des feuilles, qui était reliée au même groupe de traits foliaires dans le cas de trois espèces de tenthrèdes, pourrait contribuer à la résistance du bouleau, par exemple, en exposant les larves à des ennemis naturels pour une plus longue période.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Riipi et al. 198

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Variable responses of folivorous sawflies to leaf quality of mountain birch

Riipi¹,

Kause²,

Haukioja³

et al. 2005

Can. J. For. Res.

Self Cite

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“…Recently, we have reported fates of individual birch (Betula pubescens) leaf phenolics in larvae of the geometrid moth Epirrita autumnata, the main defoliator of birch (Salminen & Lempa 2002;Salminen et al 2004). However, so far we have not studied the fate of birch leaf phenolics in any other insect species, although we know that birch is also attacked, for example, by numerous species of sawflies; mountain birch alone accommodates close to 40 sawfly species, most of which are birch specialists (Hanhimäki et al 1995). In the present study, we expand our compound-specific birch-herbivore studies to six species of birch-feeding sawflies: Amauronematus amplus, Pristiphora alpestris, Nematus brevivalvis, Priophorus pallipes, Arge sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical transformation of birch leaf phenolics in larvae of six species of sawflies

et al. 2005

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We investigated the biochemical transformation of individual phenolic compounds of mountain birch leaves in larvae of six birch-feeding sawfly species: Amauronematus amplus, Pristiphora alpestris, Nematus brevivalvis, Priophorus pallipes, Arge sp. and Nematus viridis by comparing the phenolic residues in larval faeces to those of their leaf diet. Partial hydrolysis of hydrolysable tannins, isomerisation of chlorogenic acid and glycosylation of flavonoid aglycones were observed in all studied species. Moreover, we found considerable among-species variation in the composition of phenolic compounds in larval faeces. In addition to foliar phenolics, seventeen non-foliar phenolic metabolites, including eight phenolic acids and nine flavonoid glycosides were detected from the faeces. Of the non-foliar phenolic acids, four were egested speciesspecifically and only two by all six sawfly species. We also detected differences in the ratios of chlorogenic acid isomers in the faeces of different species, which can indicate different physiological conditions in the guts of studied larvae. In addition to the qualitative differences, quantitative differences were detected in the egestion of chlorogenic acids, possible o-quinone precursors in the larvae. Detected differences, either qualitative or quantitative, could not be explained by seasonal changes in the content of compounds in the leaf diet.

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“…The results suggest that one component of the defensive strategy of mountain birch against Epirrita autumnata, its most important herbivore, may be to minimize the probability of the evolution of well adaptive insect genotypes. Birch leaf quality remains relatively invariant in mid and late season, allowing insects to adapt to certain developmental phases of the host (Hanhimäki et al, 1995;Kause et al, 2001). Martel et al (2001) found that birch sawflies did manage poorly when they were experimentally exposed to younger (and more nutritious) leaves or to more mature (nutritionally inferior) ones than those that they typically consume.…”

Section: Resistance Of Long-lived Hosts Againstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree Defenses Against Insects

Haukioja

Multigenic and Induced Systemic Resistance in Plants

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The Convergence in Growth of Foliage-Chewing Insect Species on Individual Mountain Birch Trees

Cited by 40 publications

References 10 publications

Variable responses of folivorous sawflies to leaf quality of mountain birch

Variable responses of folivorous sawflies to leaf quality of mountain birch

Biochemical transformation of birch leaf phenolics in larvae of six species of sawflies

Tree Defenses Against Insects

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