The Convergence Ecosystem in the Southwest Atlantic

Odebrecht, Clarisse; Castello, Jorge Pablo

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-04482-7_12

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Importantly, the highest reproductive intensity of X. kroyeri observed in this study not only occurred when temperature was high but also at a time of the year (spring and summer) when the SACW intrudes into the continental shelf (Pires 1992). This water mass transports nutrients to the studied region due to its high nitrogen to phosphorus ratio (N:P = 16:1) that favors primary productivity (Aidar et al 1993, Odebrecht & Castello 2001. Food availability for larvae (e.g.…”

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confidence: 76%

“…Exchange of water and sediment between the coastal region and the adjacent shelf is very limited 58 Almeida et al: MPA benefits to overfished shrimp populations (Mahiques 1995). This region is affected by 3 water masses: coastal water (CW: temperature > 20°C, salinity < 36 PSU), tropical water (TW: > 20°C, > 36 PSU) and South Atlantic central water (SACW: <18°C, < 36 PSU) (Castro-Filho et al 1987, Odebrecht & Castello 2001. During summer, the SACW penetrates into the bottom layer of the coastal region and forms a thermocline over the inner shelf located at depths of 10 to 15 m. During winter, the SACW retreats to the shelf break and is replaced by the CW.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reproductive biology and recruitment of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri in a marine protected area in the Western Atlantic: implications for resource management

Almeida¹,

Baeza²,

Fransozo³

et al. 2012

Aquat. Biol.

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The potential of a recently established marine protected area (MPA) in the Western Atlantic, Brazil, as a 'seed production' and nursery ground for Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, an intensively exploited penaeid shrimp, was investigated in an attempt to reveal any future benefit of this new MPA to adjacent populations experiencing heavy exploitation. Overall, we observed that males and females >12 and 20 mm carapace length, respectively, contributed the most to reproduction in the studied population. Reproductive activity of X. kroyeri was continuous at the MPA; 2 annual reproductive peaks were recorded from March to April and from November to December, which were followed by recruitment events occurring from March to April 2009 and November 2009. Sediment, temperature, and algae and plant biomass floating near the bottom were relevant in driving reproductive activity and recruitment in X. kroyeri. The high reproductive potential of the studied population and the occurrence of abundant juveniles throughout the sampling area, indicating the existence of a nursery ground within the region, suggest that this MPA might provide important benefits in the near future. We argue in favor of future long-term studies on the larval dispersion, reproductive biology and ecology of X. kroyeri in MPAs and non-MPAs to construct a base for future management of this species and to aid stock recovery in fishing areas that are heavily exploited. KEY WORDS: Marine protected area · Xiphopenaeus kroyeri · Size at first maturity · Reproductive potential · Nursery ground · Environmental parameters · Stock recoveryResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Aquat Biol 17: 57-69, 2012 from 6 000 t in the 1960s to 42 787 t in the 2000s (FAO 2011). From 1960 to 2009, 513 785 t (~51%) of the total global catch (1 013 993 t) was extracted from the Brazilian coast (FAO 2011).In the northern, northeastern, southeastern and southern regions of the Brazilian coast, which were described by Matsuura (1995) as the major fishing grounds, the seabob shrimp is heavily exploited by trawl fishing boats (Vasconcellos et al. 2007(Vasconcellos et al. , 2011. Vasconcellos et al. (2007) collected information about the status of stocks of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri based on the analysis of time-series landings by artisan fisheries during the period 1980 to 2002. These authors categorized the status of this shrimp as underexploited in the northern region, moderately exploited in the northeastern region, and overexploited in the southeastern and southern regions of Brazil. Furthermore, X. kroyeri is classified as overfished by the Brazilian government because of the high capture rates of specimens from most or all size/ age classes throughout the range of distribution of this species along the coast of Brazil (Ministry of the Environment, Normative Instruction 5, 21 May 2004).Due to overexploitation in the southeastern and southern regions, the stocks of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri have presented a continuous decrease in landings since th...

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confidence: 76%

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confidence: 99%

Reproductive biology and recruitment of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri in a marine protected area in the Western Atlantic: implications for resource management

Almeida¹,

Baeza²,

Fransozo³

et al. 2012

Aquat. Biol.

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“…The confluence of tropical waters from the Brazil Current with subantarctic waters from the Falklands Current occurs between latitudes 30º and 46º S. This subtropical convergence in the southwestern Atlantic (Pires 1992) forms a water mass called the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW). During certain times of the year, this water mass, depending on the intensity and influence of currents and winds (Castro-Filho et al 1987), can influence coastal regions, causing horizontal and vertical changes, as well as seasonal mixing of tropical and subantarctic waters (Odebrecht and Castello 2001). Changes in bottom and surface temperatures and salinity are related to the hydrodynamics of the water masses in the Ubatuba region (see Pires 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic distribution of Callinectes ornatus (Decapoda, Portunoidea) in southeastern Brazil

et al. 2013

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The spatial and seasonal distribution of different demographic groups of the swimming crab Callinectes ornatus was analyzed with respect to its population biology in three bays (Ubatumirim, Ubatuba, and Mar Virado) in southeastern Brazil. In each bay, monthly sampling was performed during two years along six transects, established at 5, 10, 15, and 20 m depth (parallel to the beach line), in a wave-sheltered area (7.5 m depth), and at an exposed site (10 m depth). Total abundance of crabs was similar among the bays. The presence of immature individuals, adult females, and breeding females was positively correlated with the bottom and surface temperatures, whereas adult males showed an opposite trend with respect to these factors. Immature and smaller individuals were most abundant along the sheltered and shallower transects. Males were more abundant along the shallower transects, and females at 15 and 20 m. This study revealed that different demographic groups occupy the habitat in different ways, according to local features. In general, southeastern Brazil offers a range of conditions that favor reproduction and consequently the maintenance and growth of the local population of C. ornatus, contributing to the relatively high abundance of the species in this coastal area.

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“…This probably results from the higher plankton productivity during the summer in Ubatuba, when the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) penetrates the bottom layer over the continental shelf and reaches the coast (Pires-Vanin & Matsuura 1993). The SACW is a nutrient-rich water mass with an N:P ratio (nitrogen: phosphorus) of approximately 16:1, favoring primary productivity (Odebrecht & Castello 2001). According to Vega-Perez (1993), the presence of this water mass in Ubatuba is responsible, among other factors, for the increase in chlorophyll content, and consequently the increase in phytoplankton growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive biology of Hepatus pudibundus (Crustacea: Brachyura), the most abundant crab on the southeastern Brazilian coast

et al. 2013

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This study analyzed the size at sexual maturity and reproductive period of populations of Hepatus pudibundus in three bays on the northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil. Crabs were collected monthly and the bottom-water temperature was measured at each collection point. The animals were sexed, measured for carapace width (CW), and their gonadal stages were determined. A total of 8,674 specimens were collected (2,435 males and 6,239 females). Adult males showed the highest mean CW; the size at maturity for both sexes was 32.5 mm CW. Reproduction was continuous and peaked in spring and summer, because of the greater availability of plankton food for the larvae. This pattern is typical in tropical and subtropical regions, unlike the seasonal reproduction found in temperate regions. Reproductive activity of females was not significantly correlated with bottom-water temperatures. Immatures and individuals in all stages of gonadal development were found throughout the sampling period and at all depths, probably because the species completes its entire reproductive cycle in that area.

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The Convergence Ecosystem in the Southwest Atlantic

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Reproductive biology and recruitment of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri in a marine protected area in the Western Atlantic: implications for resource management

Reproductive biology and recruitment of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri in a marine protected area in the Western Atlantic: implications for resource management

Ontogenetic distribution of Callinectes ornatus (Decapoda, Portunoidea) in southeastern Brazil

Reproductive biology of Hepatus pudibundus (Crustacea: Brachyura), the most abundant crab on the southeastern Brazilian coast

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