The Constituents of Roots and Stems of Illigera luzonensis and Their Anti-Platelet Aggregation Effects

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of the roots and stems of Illigera luzonensis afforded two new aporphine alkaloids (1) and (2), one new bisdehydroaporphine alkaloid (3), and one new benzenoid (4), along with 28 known structures. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by spectral and MS analysis. Among the isolated compounds, (1) and (4–13) were subjected into the examination for their inhibitory effects on the aggregation of washed rabbit platelets.

Constituents of the Fruits of Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis and the Effect of 6,7-Dimethoxy-coumarin on Superoxide Anion Formation and Elastase Release

“…Each layer was subjected to purification by a combination of conventional chromatographic techniques to result in one new compound ( 1 ). In addition, thirty-two known compounds were identified to be 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin ( 2 ) [ 3 ], xanthyletin ( 3 ) [ 18 ], oxypeucedanin hydrate ( 4 ) [ 35 ], 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin ( 5 ) [ 18 ], skimmin ( 6 ) [ 36 ], haploperoside A ( 7 ) [ 37 ], leptodactylone ( 8 ) [ 18 ], 7-methoxycoumarin ( 9 ) [ 18 ], scopoletin ( 10 ) [ 36 ], cis -head-to-tail-limittin dimer ( 11 ) [ 38 ], umbelliferone ( 12 ) [ 36 ], nordentatin ( 13 ) [ 18 ], limonin ( 14 ) [ 18 ], nomilin ( 15 ) [ 18 ], citrusin ( 16 ) [ 3 ], obacunone ( 17 ) [ 39 ], 3-(2- O -β- d -glucopyranosyl-4-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid ( 18 ) [ 40 ], cis - p -coumaric acid ( 19 ) [ 18 ], methyl vanillate ( 20 ) [ 41 ], methyl benzoate ( 21 ) [ 42 ], methyl paraben ( 22 ) [ 43 ], 4-hydroxy-phenethyl alcohol ( 23 ) [ 44 ], methyl-4-hydroxycinnamate ( 24 ) [ 43 ], coniferin ( 25 ) [ 45 ], syringin ( 26 ) [ 45 ], ( E )-6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylocta-2,7-dienoic acid ( 27 ) [ 46 ], a mixture of stigmasterol ( 28 ) [ 3 ] and β-sitosterol ( 29 ) [ 3 ], β-sitosteryl glucoside ( 30 ) [ 47 ], chrysoeriol 8- C -glucoside ( 31 ) [ 48 ], 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ( 32 ) [ 49 ], and citrylidene malonic acid ( 33 ) […”

Plant Alkaloids as Antiplatelet Agent: Drugs of the Future in the Light of Recent Developments

“…Moreover, curcumin was the most effective antiplatelet compound as it inhibited arachidonic acid, collagen, and ADP-induced platelet aggregation with IC 50 values of 37.5, 60.9, and 45.7 μM, respectively (Jantan et al, 2008 ). Similarly, Huang et al ( 2014 ) reported that aporphine alkaloids are the primary components of Illigeralu zonensis , exhibited varying degrees of antiplatelet activity effect. However, bisdehydroaporphine and actinodaphnine were most potent alkaloids (Huang et al, 2014 ).…”

“…Similarly, Huang et al ( 2014 ) reported that aporphine alkaloids are the primary components of Illigeralu zonensis , exhibited varying degrees of antiplatelet activity effect. However, bisdehydroaporphine and actinodaphnine were most potent alkaloids (Huang et al, 2014 ). Furthermore, a study carried out by Wu et al ( 2003 ) on Rutagra graveolens , a plant belonging to family Rutaceae revealed the presence of dictamine, chalepensin, clausindin, and graveolinine; these compounds displayed significant inhibition of platelet aggregation (Wu et al, 2003 ).…”

“…Furthermore, a study carried out by Wu et al ( 2003 ) on Rutagra graveolens , a plant belonging to family Rutaceae revealed the presence of dictamine, chalepensin, clausindin, and graveolinine; these compounds displayed significant inhibition of platelet aggregation (Wu et al, 2003 ). On the other hand, Huang et al ( 2014 ) discovered that the plant Illigera luzonensis Merr contains aporphine alkaloids. These researchers also found that actinodaphnine, which belongs to aporphine alkaloids, exhibited significant inhibition of the aggregation of washed rabbit platelets with an IC 50 value in the range of 50–20 μg/mL (Huang et al, 2014 ).…”

“…On the other hand, Huang et al ( 2014 ) discovered that the plant Illigera luzonensis Merr contains aporphine alkaloids. These researchers also found that actinodaphnine, which belongs to aporphine alkaloids, exhibited significant inhibition of the aggregation of washed rabbit platelets with an IC 50 value in the range of 50–20 μg/mL (Huang et al, 2014 ). Furthermore, Chen et al ( 2001 ) isolated three new quinoline alkaloids from the root bark of Melicope semecarpifolia along with 26 known compounds.…”