The Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory-30: Validity and measurement invariance of a Russian-language version.

Krivoshchekov, Vladislav; Gulevich, Olga; Ostroverkhova, Mariia

doi:10.1037/men0000379

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We preferred this approach over using latent scores to reflect the CMNI's use in practice. Although subscale scores were originally calculated by summing up each subscale's item scores, different researchers and practitioners also use the items' means (e.g., Krivoshchekov et al, 2022), and no consistent guidelines or norms for the CMNI exist. Following Levant et al (2020), we chose to report the sums of the items instead of the means.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are aware of only one study exploring measurement invariance of the CMNI across different sexual orientation groups (Krivoshchekov et al, 2022), though notably, that study used a somewhat different version of the CMNI-30 and with a Russian sample. In their study, Krivoshchekov et al (2022) tested several potential models with the items that survived Levant et al's (2020) 2022) established partial scalar invariance across heterosexual and sexual minority men, after allowing the intercepts to vary in one item ("I bring up my feelings when talking to others"). The authors concluded that overall, the two groups have similar understandings of the items in their version.…”

Section: Measures Of Masculinity Norms and The Cmnimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Examining the Measurement Invariance of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-30) by Sexual Orientation

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An abbreviated version of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory, the CMNI-30, was developed with several strengths. However, its measurement invariance across men with different sexual orientations has not been examined in a U.S. sample, so it is unclear whether these different populations understand the items similarly. In addition, no studies have compared conformity to masculinity norms across sexual orientations. This would be important to understand sexual minority men’s experience of masculinity and how it differs from heteronormative masculinity. This article explores the measurement invariance of the CMNI-30 among 882 heterosexual, gay, and bisexual+ men using confirmatory factor analysis, and compares their CMNI-30 subscale scores. Results indicated that the CMNI-30 demonstrated residual invariance between men of different sexual orientations, suggesting that men of different sexual orientations interpreted the items similarly. We also found higher levels of conformity to the masculine norms of Winning, Heterosexual self-presentation, and Power over women among heterosexual men relative to gay and bisexual+ men, and higher levels of Pursuit of status among gay men relative to the other groups. Results provide support for the use of the CMNI-30 in research with men of different sexual orientations.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measures Of Masculinity Norms and The Cmnimentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Measurement Invariance of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-30) by Sexual Orientation

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most studies on TM have been based on research involving men living in English-speaking countries. Nevertheless, research within and outside English-speaking countries demonstrated gender, sexuality, age, ethnic, and national differences (e.g., Komlenac & Hochleitner, 2022;Komlenac et al, 2023;Krivoshchekov et al, 2021Krivoshchekov et al, , 2022; R. F. Levant, 2011; R. Levant & Richmond, 2007).…”

Section: Traditional Masculinitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional masculinities and men’s sexism: A meta-analysis.

Krivoshchekov¹,

Gulevich²,

Blagov³

2023

Psychology of Men & Masculinities

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traditional masculinities (TM) are a set of meanings related to men. The power attached to these meanings operates to maintain the inequality of gender relations. Previous studies have reported a positive correlation between traditional masculinities and men's sexism, limiting women's personal and professional opportunities. To quantify this relationship, a meta-analysis was conducted using 107 independent samples (mainly from the United States) from 21,078 men, reported in 44 articles between 1984 and 2021. Although we observed that TM positively correlated with men's sexism, there was wide variability in effect sizes. An examination of potential moderators revealed that the relationship was significantly different between different forms of TM. The relationship between sexism and conformity to masculine norms and traditional masculinity ideology was stronger than the relationship with gender role stress. Further, TM were more strongly related to forms of sexism that reflect overt negative attitudes toward women (old-fashioned and hostile sexisms) than to forms that reflect covert sexist attitudes (modern and benevolent sexism). Moreover, the link between TM and sexism was stronger in the general population than in student samples. However, these findings should be interpreted and taken with caution due to the presence of substantial heterogeneity in effect sizes. Public Significance StatementThis study integrates findings from 21,078 respondents across 107 samples of men regarding the relationship between traditional masculinities and men's sexism. In general, men's endorsement of traditional masculinities was positively associated with sexism against women. However, we found evidence of considerable variability in the effect sizes. Therefore, the estimates should be taken with caution and not be interpreted in absolute terms.

show abstract

“…Higher scores indicated greater disgust towards meat (current study α = .88). Traditional masculinity was measured with the 30-item Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory Short Form(Levant et al, 2020), which has been validated cross-culturally in US(Levant et al, 2020) and Russian samples(Krivoshchekov et al, 2022) of straight and sexual minority men. Although the CMNI-30 is best used as a multidimensional rather than unidimensional scale, there is too little evidence in the literature to indicate which specific masculine norms should correlate with meat consumption, therefore the total scale was used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the Meat Consumption and Intention Scale: Psychometric Properties and Convergent Validity

Camilleri¹,

Gill²,

Scarfo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As people become increasingly aware of the harmful consequences of excessive meat consumption on the environment and public health, understanding and changing meat consumer behaviour has become an important area of research in many disciplines. Meat consumption, and the intention to change one’s meat consumption, are two variables investigated in a broad range of studies. However, succinct, psychometrically sound measures of self-reported meat consumption and intention are lacking. Utilising two independent Australian samples, the 21-item Meat Consumption and Intention Scale (MCIS) was developed to address this research gap. In study 1, exploratory factor analysis produced an underlying two-factor structure of the MCIS (a Meat Consumption scale, and an Intention to Eat Meat scale). In study 2, confirmatory factor analysis supported the validity of the two-factor structure. Correlation analyses between the two MCIS subscales and eight variables related to meat consumption and intention provided evidence of convergent validity for the MCIS. Overall, results provide preliminary evidence supporting the reliability and validity of the MCIS, which is an efficient measure of meat consumption and intention to eat meat, can be administered on one occasion, and is suitable for use in a broad range of study designs.

show abstract

The Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory-30: Validity and measurement invariance of a Russian-language version.

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Examining the Measurement Invariance of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-30) by Sexual Orientation

Examining the Measurement Invariance of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-30) by Sexual Orientation

Traditional masculinities and men’s sexism: A meta-analysis.

Introducing the Meat Consumption and Intention Scale: Psychometric Properties and Convergent Validity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About