The Conflict of Liberalism and Democracy

Abstract

Straipsnio tikslas – parodyti liberalizmo ir demokratijos politinių filosofijų skirtumus. „Liberaliosios demokratijos“ terminas slepia dviejų skirtingų filosofijų konfliktą. Liberalai vadovaujasi metafizinėmis prielaidomis, kurios demokratiją paverčia jų politinei filosofijai tarnaujančiu įrankiu. Laikantis tokio požiūrio, liberalizmo politinės filosofijos pranašumai ir trūkumai neišvengiamai tampa demokratinio režimo pranašumais ir trūkumais.

The Principle of Subsidiarity as a Valuable Benchmark in the Regulation of Economic Relations

“…Subsidiarity, as a principle of support for the integral nature of society, proved adequate for achieving social welfare goal in a state 17 and for combining different public value attitudes. 'The principle of subsidiarity in the regulation of economic systems, as an instrument balancing and adjusting individuals' interests, helps to establish the relative size of the public policy and the market' 18 , therefore it has become an attractive tool for the concept of social justice (fairer distribution of produced goods) implemented in state organizations, thereby bringing closer together the ideologies of liberalism (in addition to individualism advocating the community, the common good and the provision of positive liberty 19 ), socialism (demanding exclusive distribution of material goods according to needs) and conservativism (advocating community, collective goods and cultural value 20 for public life) in the development of the new concept of the state of social rule-oflaw. A socially oriented market model, based on that concept, helped shift the entire European Community's social policy towards justice, and though, as German Chancellor Angela Merkel states 'European social models have yet to cope with ordeal of the challenges of common economic space and globalization' 21 , 'there will not be anybody who doubts the socially oriented market economy, social compensation, solidarity, and compensation for the risks that the individual can't even imagine' 22 .…”