The Composition of Milk and the Nutritive Value of its Components

Ling, E. R.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-3225-6.50009-0

Cited by 69 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…It is well known that lactose content decreases during mastitis (Linzell and Peaker, 1972;Kitchen, 1981;Munro et al, 1984) as a consequence of the lower blood-milk barrier caused by increased tight junction permeability and damaged epithelial cells. The osmotic pressure of milk is maintained by the balance of concentration of lactose and of soluble minerals (Ling et al, 1961). Therefore, changes in the sodium and potassium content of milk will result in reduced lactose synthesis and thus milk production (Stelwagen et al, 1999).…”

Section: Forsbä Ck Lindmark-må Nsson André N and Svennersten-sjaunjamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of quality changes in udder quarter milk from cows with low-to-moderate somatic cell counts

Forsbäck

Lindmark-Månsson²,

Andrén

et al. 2010

Animal

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Much emphasis has been put on evaluating alterations in milk composition caused by clinical and subclinical mastitis. However, little is known about changes in milk composition during subclinical mastitis in individual udder quarters with a low-tomoderate increase in milk somatic cell count (SCC). This information is needed to decide whether milk from individual udder quarters with a moderate-to-high increase in milk SCC should be separated or not. The aim of this study was to determine how milk composition in separate udder quarters is affected when cow composite milk has low or moderately increased SCC levels. Udder quarter and cow composite milk samples were collected from 17 cows on one occasion. Milk yield was registered and samples were analyzed for SCC, fat, total protein, whey proteins, lactose, citric acid, non-protein nitrogen (NPN), lactoferrin, protein profile, free fatty acids (FFAs), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), proteolysis, sodium and potassium. Bacteriological samples were collected twice from all four quarters of all cows. The cows were divided into three groups depending on their SCC at udder quarter level. The first group comprised healthy cows with four udder quarters with low SCC, , 50 000 cells/ml; composition was equal when opposite rear and front quarters were compared. In the second and the third groups, cows had one udder quarter with 101 000 cells/ml , SCC , 600 000 cells/ml and SCC . 700 000 cells/ml, respectively. The remaining udder quarters of these cows had low SCC (, 100 000 cells/ml). Despite the relatively low average cow composite SCC 5 100 000 cells/ml of Group 2, milk from affected udder quarters exhibited lower casein number, content of lactose and b-casein (b-CN), while the content of whey protein, sodium, LDH and a-lactoalbumin (a-la) were higher compared to healthy opposite quarters. In addition to these changes, milk from affected udder quarters in Group 3 also exhibited lower values of potassium and a s1 -casein (a s1 -CN) and higher values of lactoferrin when compared to milk from opposite healthy quarters. This indicates that even when the SCC in cow composite milk is low, there might exist individual quarters for which milk composition is changed and milk quality impaired.

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Section: Forsbä Ck Lindmark-må Nsson André N and Svennersten-sjaunjamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of quality changes in udder quarter milk from cows with low-to-moderate somatic cell counts

Forsbäck

Lindmark-Månsson²,

Andrén

et al. 2010

Animal

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“…O valor biológico (VB) do leite de búfala integral foi semelhante ao da caseína e búfala diluído que não apresentaram diferenças significativas em relação às dietas de leite de vaca integral e tipo C. Os dados obtidos para o leite de búfala e de vaca integrais são semelhantes aos citados por DASTUR (1956) e para o leite de vaca integral os resultados estão semelhantes aos descritos por LING et al (1961);RASIC et al (1971) e SOLA (1988. Os dados apresentados para a dieta de caseína estão semelhantes com LING et al (1961) e LEHNINGER (1991.…”

Section: Resultados E Discussão Ensaio Biológicounclassified

Avaliação nutricional do leite de búfala em comparação ao leite de vaca

Verruma

Salgado

1993

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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RESUMO:Foi estudado o valor nutricional do leite de búfala integral e diluído em comparação com o leite de vaca integral e tipo C, utilizando ratos como animais de teste, obtendo-se as seguintes conclusões: não houve diferença entre os leites estudados quanto à digestibilidade in vitro; a retenção de cálcio pelos animais, foi superior para a dieta com leite de búfala integral; não houve diferenças significativas para os níveis de triglicerídeos no sangue dos animais; os níveis de colesterol no sangue dos animais foram maiores para as dietas contendo leite de búfala, embora esses níveis sejam considerados dentro da faixa normal para os animais em estudo. Descritores: leite de búfala, leite de vaca, avaliação nutricional, a, biodisponibilidade, colesterol, triglicerídeos NUTRICIONAL EVALUATION OF BUFFALO MILK IN RELATION TO COW MILK ABSTRACT:The study of the nutritional value of whole and diluted buffalo milk in relation to whole and standardized cow milk was performed using rats as test animals. The following conclusions were obtained: no differences were observed between buffalo milk regarding in vitro digestibility; a higher calcium retention was exhibited by animals under diet of buffalo whole milk; trygliceride levels were higher in blood of rats under buffalo milk diet, although those values are considered to be normal for these test animals.

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“…Lactose synthesis is a temporal, tissue-and sexspeci¢c metabolic process. Lactose, which is a disaccharide consisting of glucose and galactose, represents the major free carbohydrate of milk [4,5] and is not found elsewhere in the body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential UDP‐galactose‐4′‐epimerase (GALE) enzymatic activity and mRNA expression in the rat mammary gland during lactation

Prestoz¹,

Daude²,

Cournu³

et al. 1998

FEBS Letters

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We have investigated the UDP-galactose-4P-epimerase (GALE) enzymatic activity and mRNA expression in the rat mammary gland during lactation. We report a dramatic increase in the GALE enzymatic activity correlated with an increase in the mRNA transcript expression. These results indicate a transcriptional regulation of the enzyme during lactation in the rat mammary gland. Our data are of double interest for further investigation: first, the mammary gland provides a suitable model for the characterisation of the transcriptional regulation elements of GALE which are still unknown in mammals; second, GALE expression could help to compensate UDP-galactose deficiency in classic galactosaemia.z 1998 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

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The Composition of Milk and the Nutritive Value of its Components

Cited by 69 publications

References 156 publications

Evaluation of quality changes in udder quarter milk from cows with low-to-moderate somatic cell counts

Evaluation of quality changes in udder quarter milk from cows with low-to-moderate somatic cell counts

Avaliação nutricional do leite de búfala em comparação ao leite de vaca

Differential UDP‐galactose‐4′‐epimerase (GALE) enzymatic activity and mRNA expression in the rat mammary gland during lactation

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