The Composition of Essential Oils of Different Parts of Laurel, Mountain Tea, Sage and Ajowan

Abstract

Oils obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by using gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry. 1, and a-terpinyl acetate (13.94% and 14.72%) were the main components from the essential oil of the stem and leaves of laurel, respectively. 1, and (E)-b-ocimene (24.88%) were the major compounds present in the essential oil of fruit. The main constituents of Salvia fruticosa oil were a-pinene (31.50%) and isoborneol (27.17%). b-pinene (20.53%), a-pinene (14.88%), cubebol (15.17%) and d-cadinene (12.99%) were detected as the major constituents of mountain tea (sample A). The principal components detected in the oil of sample B were b-pinene (20.29%), a-pinene (14.82%) and 14-hydroxy-9-epi-caryophyllene (13.99%). The major compounds of ajowan oil had p-cymene (33.06%), g-terpinene (28.66%), thymol (24.11%) and b-pinene (6.74%). The essential oil of Carum copticum was characterized by its high content of p-cymene (33.06%). PRACTICAL APPLICATIONLaurel leaves are commonly used as a spicy, aromatic flavoring for soups, fish, meats, stews, puddings, vinegars and beverages, and form an essential ingredient of the herb mix. The essential oil is used by the cosmetic industry

Enzyme-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from bay leaves (Laurus nobilis L.)

“…The main components were 1,8-cineole (33.86-48.33%), ␣-terpinyl acetate (10.69-18.05%), methyl eugenol (2.98-12.48%), linalool (8.37-10.03%), ␣-pinene (5.33-10.87), sabinene (6.74-7.48%) and ␤-pinene (4.96-7.12%). When compared with earlier studies, the same volatile profile (1,8-cineole > ␣-terpinyl acetate > methyl eugenol) was also described for Italian (Flamini et al, 2007), Jordanian (Al-Kalaldeh et al, 2010) and Turkish specimens (Chalchat et al, 2011;Tabanca et al, 2013). In contrast it differed slightly from those originated from Brazil (da Silveira et al, 2014), Argentina (Lira et al, 2009) and Croatia (Politeo, 2009) where linalool was found as the second main compounds.…”

The Effects of Cultivation Area and Altitude Variation on the Composition of Essential Oil of Laurus nobilis l. Grown in Eastern, Western and Central Karadeniz Region

“…These were the most abundant compound as well for our research. These compounds were reported in these articles as well: Derwich et al, sabinene (6.13%), α-pinene (3.72%) and β-pinene (3.14%) [12], Verdian-rizi, sabinene (5.8% -6.5%), α-pinene (2.6%-3.2%), β-pinene (2.4%-2.9%) [27], Chalchat et al, sabinene (7.07%), β-pinene (2.84%), α-pinene (3.17%) [28] and Moghtader and Salari, α-pinene (%5.25) and β-pinene (%3.99) [29] and also linalool is a bicyclic monoterpene, was found abundant in Bartin province (3.06%-3.83%). It has a significant effects against several symptoms especially in convulsions [30].…”

Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Laurel Tree (Laurus nobilis)

“…Sesquiterpenoids: It was reported in 1971 [35] the isolation from laurel roots of the first sesquiterpene lactone: laurenobiolide (11). Since then, ten more lactones with a germacrane skeleton (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) have been isolated from roots [36,37], fruits [38,39] and leaves [37,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] (Figure 4). Dehydrocostus lactone (22), zaluzanin D (24) and eremanthin (26) were the first lactones isolated from laurel with a guaiane skeleton [38], and santamarine (28) and reynosin (31) the first ones with a eudesmane skeleton [40].…”