The complete plastid genomes of two Fabaceae orphan crops from Africa

Liao, Xuezhu; Liu, Yang; Liu, Huan

doi:10.1080/23802359.2018.1536481

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…africanorphancrops.org) targeted 101 African orphan crops, to sequence, assemble, and annotate the genomes that contribute to traditional African food supplies (Hendre et al, 2019). Recently, both the nuclear (550 Mbp) and mitochondrial (152,015 bp) genomes of BG have been sequenced using high-density Illumina short-read data (Chang et al, 2018a,b;Liao et al, 2019). The whole-genome sequencing of AYB is in progress using a hybrid sequencing approach (Illumina short-read data and Oxford Nanopore) under the Alliance for Accelerated Crop Improvement in Africa (https://acaciaafrica.org/bioinformaticscommunity-practice/full-genome-sequencing-and-annotationof-the-african-yam-bean/) at the Bioscience eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub, Nairobi, Kenya.…”

Section: Genomic Approaches Toward Genetic Improvement Of Indigenous ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous African Orphan Legumes: Potential for Food and Nutrition Security in SSA

Abberton

Paliwal

Faloye

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), both crop production and the hidden hunger index (HHI, a combination of zinc, iron, and vitamin A deficiency), continue to be worse than the rest of the world. Currently, 31 out of 36 countries of SSA show the highest HHI. At the same time, several studies show climate change as a major constraint to agriculture productivity and a significant threat to SSA food security without significant action regarding adaptation. The food security of SSA is dependent on a few major crops, with many of them providing largely only an energy source in the diet. To address this, crop diversification and climate-resilient crops that have adaptation to climate change can be used and one route toward this is promoting the cultivation of African orphan (neglected or underutilized) crops. These crops, particularly legumes, have the potential to improve food and nutrition security in SSA due to their cultural linkage with the regional food habits of the communities, nutritionally rich food, untapped genetic diversity, and adaptation to harsh climate conditions and poor marginal soils. Despite the wide distribution of orphan legumes across the landscape of SSA, these important crop species are characterized by low yield and decreasing utilization due in part to a lack of improved varieties and a lack of adequate research attention. Genomic-assisted breeding (GAB) can contribute to developing improved varieties that yield more, have improved resilience, and high nutritional value. The availability of large and diverse collections of germplasm is an essential resource for crop improvement. In the Genetic Resources Center of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, the collections of orphan legumes, particularly the Bambara groundnut, African yambean, and Kersting's groundnut, have been characterized and evaluated for their key traits, and new collections are being undertaken to fill gaps and to widen the genetic diversity available to underpin breeding that can be further utilized with GAB tools to develop faster and cost-effective climate-resilient cultivars with a high nutrition value for SSA farmers. However, a greater investment of resources is required for applying modern breeding to orphan legume crops if their full potential is to be realized.

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Section: Genomic Approaches Toward Genetic Improvement Of Indigenous ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous African Orphan Legumes: Potential for Food and Nutrition Security in SSA

Abberton

Paliwal

Faloye

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Potential of genomics for the improvement of underutilized legumes in sub‐Saharan Africa

et al. 2021

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Underutilized, or orphan legumes, are widely distributed across farming landscapes in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) but often have low yields and do not fulfill their potential due to very limited research, breeding, development, marketing, and awareness of their benefits. These advantages include nutritional quality and climate resilience. In this review, we focus on Bambara groundnut, African yam bean, and Kersting's groundnut. Knowledge of the challenges and rewards of exploiting them will provide opportunities for concerted approaches to their revival and contribution to future global food systems, especially in the context of climate change. This review identifies the institutional and noninstitutional challenges, the constraints, the prospects, and the rewards that can be derived from exploiting orphan legumes in SSA. The genetic resources center (GRC) of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) conserves a diverse collection of about 2500 accessions of these crops with the majority from Africa. In this review, we focus on the ex situ conservation of the genetic resources of these indigenous African legume crops, their characterization and evaluation, prospects for the development of improved cultivars, and the role they could play, particularly with respect to nutrition and adaptation to climate change. We emphasize progress made in recent years concerning the assembly of information required for application of genomics tools to these crops and how this will underpin the development of improved varieties.

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Recent developments in Lablab purpureus genomics: A focus on drought stress tolerance and use of genomic resources to develop stress‐resilient varieties

2021

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Drought is a major climatic challenge that contributes significantly to the decline of food productivity. One of the strategies to overcome this challenge is the use of drought‐tolerant crops with a wide range of benefits. Lablab is a leguminous crop that has been showing high promise to drought tolerance. It is reported to have higher drought resilience compared with the commonly cultivated legumes such as common beans and cowpeas. Because of its great genetic diversity, Lablab can withstand high temperature and low rainfall, unlike other related crops. On top of that, it is grown for multitudes of purposes including food, forages, conservation agriculture, and improved soil fertility. To enhance its production and benefits during the present effects of climate change, it is crucial to develop improved varieties that would overcome the challenge of drought stress. In the past years, there have been several reviews on Lablab based on origin, domestication, characterization, utilization, germplasm conservation, some cultivation constraints, and conventional breeding with limitations on the genomic exploitation of the crop for drought tolerance. Conventional breeding is the major breeding technique for many Lablab cultivars. The integration of genomic, physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches would be required to develop drought‐tolerant cultivars of Lablab. In this review, we discuss recent developments in Lablab genomics with a focus on drought stress tolerance and the use of genomic resources to develop stress‐resilient varieties.

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The complete plastid genomes of two Fabaceae orphan crops from Africa

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Indigenous African Orphan Legumes: Potential for Food and Nutrition Security in SSA

Indigenous African Orphan Legumes: Potential for Food and Nutrition Security in SSA

Potential of genomics for the improvement of underutilized legumes in sub‐Saharan Africa

Recent developments in Lablab purpureus genomics: A focus on drought stress tolerance and use of genomic resources to develop stress‐resilient varieties

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