The comparison between superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for cancer nanotherapy in the magnetic resonance system

Abstract

The paper aims to compare zeta potentials, magnetic properties, electron spin resonance, photoluminescence (PL) spectra and antitumor effect of magneto-mechano-chemically synthesized magneto-sensitive nanocomplexes loaded with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOXO) during nanotherapy of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma carried out by a magnetic resonance system. Diamagnetic DOXO acquired the properties of a paramagnetic substance after synthesis. MNC comprising superparamagnetic nanoparticles (NP) and DOXO had different g-factors, zeta potentials, a lower saturation magnetic moment, area of the hysteresis loop, and a higher coercivity compared to similar MNC with ferromagnetic NP. The main PL peak of MNC spectrum was defined by DOXO at 598 nm. MNC composed of superparamagnetic NP and DOXO showed a lower standard deviation of the normal PL spectral distribution than MNC based on ferromagnetic NP in relation to conventional DOXO. MNC containing superparamagnetic NP responded to resonance conditions leading to a more pronounced antitumor effect compared to MNC with ferromagnetic NP in the course of magnetic nanotherapy for Walker-256 carcinosarcoma bearing animals (temperature inside the tumor did not exceed 40 °C). Therefore, these findings are associated with differences in chemotherapeutic effect between MNC due to a different surface charge and conformational changes in DOXO molecules during its magnetoelectric interaction with single-and multidomain NP.

Delivery of drugs, proteins, and nucleic acids using inorganic nanoparticles

“…the ability to strongly magnetize when the material is exposed to an alternating magnetic field (AMF) no residual magnetization when the magnetic field is removed. Notably, this is an effect of size; superparamagnetism usually arises only in small (< 30 nm) ferromagnetic particles or larger particles with nanodomains [275,276]. SPIONs have been explored extensively in the past decade for their ability to penetrate and kill biofilms, as well as their utility in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [277].…”

In Vitro Magnetic Techniques for Investigating Cancer Progression

“…SPION hyperthermia depends strongly on the particle size (<15 nm diameter), where Brownian relaxation exerts thermal energy as the particle rotates and applies shear force against the surrounding fluid, and Neel relaxation dissipates energy as the magnetic moment of the particle rotates before the physical particle [41]. Lastly, superparamagnetic nanoparticles are distinguished as such because they can generate larger field gradients than traditional paramagnetic materials, owning to the field being concentrated on a small particle area [42].…”

Remote control of magnetic nanocomplexes for delivery and destruction of cancer cells

“…EFs induced asymmetric charge distribution over Fe 3 O 4 core-shell nanoparticles, thus favored the electron transfer reactions from iron ions to DX and changed the relative orientation of the aglycone moiety and aminosugar in the drug molecule. 80 Conformational diversity significantly contributes to DX delivery, controlled release and DNA intercalation in tumor cells, which along with ROS generation, are suggested as the potential mechanism of DX cytotoxicity. 81…”