The combination of tumour necrosis factor-α −308A and interleukin-10 −1082G gene polymorphisms and increased serum levels of related cytokines: susceptibility to vitiligo

Abstract

The concomitant presence of IL-10 -1082G and TNF-α -308A alleles significantly raises the risk for vitiligo. Furthermore, in accordance with these findings, serum IL-10 and TNF-α were also increased in this study, confirming the role of these cytokines in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.

<p>Effect of TNF-α <em>−308G/A (rs1800629)</em> Promoter Polymorphism on the Serum Level of TNF-α Among Iraqi Patients with Generalized Vitiligo</p>

“…In the current study, in 56 patients (70%) there were appearances of new white macule of vitiligo while in the remaining 24 patients (30%) there were enlargement of preexisting vitiligo lesion (as a marker of disease activity over variable periods of time using VIDA score). We found that patients with active generalized vitiligo have a significantly higher TNF-α level, a similar result was reported by Laddha et al 42 and Aydingoz et al 45 A negative correlation of serum level of TNF-α and extent of skin involvement is found in our study, similar to a study by and Laddha et al 42 but contrary to a study by Sushama et al 43 that found elevated serum level of TNF-α among localized and generalized skin surface involvement groups. The underlying mechanism that results in the increase in the serum level of TNF-α is unclear.…”

Cytokine profile (IL‐2, IL‐6, IL‐17, IL‐22, and TNF‐α) in vitiligo—New insight into pathogenesis of disease

“…TNF-a was found to be significantly raised in all 60 patients of vitiligo (localized and generalized) which is consistent with earlier Similar finding was noted in study by Laddha et al and Aydingoz et al 19,20 Kai et al suggested that TNF-a can cause melanocyte destruction as a result of autoimmune response, and this may explain increased activity in patients with raised serum TNF-a levels. 13 Moreover, TNF-a showed negative correlation with duration of vitiligo which has not been reported earlier.…”

Changes in sICAM-1 and GM-CSF levels in skin tissue fluid and expression of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in blood of patients with vitiligo

“…sICAM-1 is a shedding cycle mode of ICAM-1 which mainly mediates the inflammatory response among cells, as a kind of adhesion molecule (9). Aydıngöz et al (10) have found that there is a significant positive correlation between ICAM-1 and sICAM-1. Camara-Lemarroy and Salas-Alanis (11) have shown that the expression level of sICAM-1 in the blood of patients with progressive vitiligo is higher, and it is speculated that sICAM-1 can be used as one of the indexes of vitiligo activity.…”