Changes in sICAM-1 and GM-CSF levels in skin tissue fluid and expression of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in blood of patients with vitiligo

Abstract

Changes in the levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the skin tissue fluid, and the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the blood of patients with vitiligo were investigated. One hundred and twenty patients diagnosed with vitiligo and treated in Daqing Long Nan Hospital from March 2014 to March 2016 were selected, including 88 patients with vitiligo vulgaris and 32 patients with segmental vitiligo. Comparative analyses were performed for research indexes. Another 80 healthy volunteers receiving physical examination were selected as healthy controls. The levels of GM-CSF in tissue fluid were detected via radioimmunoassay (RIA). The levels of sICAM-1 in tissue fluid and IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in the blood were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in patients with progressive vitiligo were significantly higher than those in patients with stable vitiligo (P<0.05). The levels of sICAM-1 and GM-CSF in the skin tissue fluid at white spots of patients with vitiligo vulgaris were significantly higher than those in the skin tissue fluid at non-white spots (P<0.05). sICAM-1 levels had significant positive correlations with the levels of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in the blood (P<0.05). The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid and IL-6 in the blood of patients with vitiligo were negatively correlated with the course of disease (P<0.05). The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid and IL-6 and IL-17 in the blood of patients with vitiligo were positively correlated with the skin lesion area of patients (P<0.05). The levels of sICAM-1 and GM-CSF in the skin tissue fluid, and the expression levels of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in the blood of patients with vitiligo are abnormal.

Autoimmunity in Segmental Vitiligo

“…CD11c+ dendritic cells were abundantly present together with CD8 T cells (26). In another study, no difference in lesional versus non-lesional SV levels of sICAM-1 and GM-CSF was detected (n=16) (27). However, this study did not specify whether it concerned stable or progressive SV vitiligo lesions which might explain the lack of difference in inflammatory markers.…”

Interleukin‐17 level in patients with vitiligo: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Of initially identified 165 citations, 11 studies including 626 vitiligo patients and 475 controls were finally selected . The study selection process using PRISMA flow chart is shown in Figure , and the characteristics of the included studies are shown in Table .…”

A Lower Irradiation Dose of 308 nm Monochromatic Excimer Light Might Be Sufficient for Vitiligo Treatment: A Novel Insight Gained from In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses

“…Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are inflammatory cytokines, which are anti-melanogenic factors and are upregulated in the skin and sera in patients with vitiligo [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. These cytokines may negatively affect therapeutic efficacies.…”

“…In addition, inflammatory cytokines induced by the MEL irradiation with 1MED were reported as aggravating factors and severity makers of vitiligo [ 33 , 36 ]. In particular, upregulated IL-1β in the skin and sera were found in the active progression of vitiligo and could play a central role in the cutaneous T cell response in vitiligo [ 36 ].…”