The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Memory Since H.M.

Squire, Larry R.; Wixted, John T.

doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113720

Cited by 607 publications

(496 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…Hippocampal lesions in mice cause retrograde amnesia for events occurring a few hours prior to the damage (Izquierdo & McGaugh, 2000). On the contrary, hippocampal lesions in human beings produce retrograde amnesia of several years (Corkin, 2002;Squire & Wixted, 2011). This difference shows that hippocampal processing of information is more prolonged in humans than in mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation

Blake

Boccia

Krawczyk

et al. 2012

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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Please cite this article as: Blake, M.G., Boccia, M.M., Krawczyk, M.C., Delorenzi, A., Baratti, C.M., Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (2012), doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.nlm.2012.07.001 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. were not subjected to memory reactivation, suggesting that the performance effects are not due to non-specific effects of the drug. The effects of Ch also depended on the age of the reactivated memory. Altogether, our results suggest that Ch exerts its effects by modulating memory reconsolidation, and that the memory impairment induced by low doses of SCP is a memory expression failure and not a storage deficit. Therefore, reconsolidation, among other functions, might serve to change memory expression in later tests. Summarizing, our results open new avenues about the behavioral significance and the physiological functions of memory reconsolidation, providing new strategies for recovering memories from some types of amnesia. Research highlights-Pre-training administration of scopolamine leads to memory impairment.-Intra-hippocampal administration of choline modulates memory reconsolidation -Choline reverses scopolamine-induced amnesia by enhancing memory reconsolidation -Low doses of scopolamine cause memory expression deficit, but not storage impairment -Reconsolidation could modify the ability of a memory for being expressed later

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation

Blake

Boccia

Krawczyk

et al. 2012

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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“…Traditionally, the perirhinal cortex (Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic areas 35 and 36) of the medial temporal lobe is believed to be necessary for declarative memory, but unnecessary for perception (e.g., Squire and Zola-Morgan, 1991;Suzuki, 2009;Clark et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2011;Squire and Wixted, 2011). In recent years, however, an alternative view has emerged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perirhinal cortex modulates V2 activity in response to the agreement between part familiarity and configuration familiarity

Peterson¹,

Cacciamani²,

Barense³

et al. 2012

Hippocampus

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ABSTRACT:Research has demonstrated that the perirhinal cortex (PRC) represents complex object-level feature configurations, and participates in familiarity versus novelty discrimination. Barense et al. [(in press) Cerebral Cortex, 22:11, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr347] postulated that, in addition, the PRC modulates part familiarity responses in lower-level visual areas. We used fMRI to measure activation in the PRC and V2 in response to silhouettes presented peripherally while participants maintained central fixation and performed an object recognition task. There were three types of silhouettes: Familiar Configurations portrayed realworld objects; Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations created by spatially rearranging the parts of the familiar configurations; and Control Novel Configurations in which both the configuration and the ensemble of parts comprising it were novel. For right visual field (RVF) presentation, BOLD responses revealed a significant linear trend in bilateral BA 35 of the PRC (highest activation for Familiar Configurations, lowest for Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations, with Control Novel Configurations in between). For left visual field (LVF) presentation, a significant linear trend was found in a different area (bilateral BA 38, temporal pole) in the opposite direction (Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations highest, Familiar Configurations lowest). These data confirm that the PRC is sensitive to the agreement in familiarity between the configuration level and the part level. As predicted, V2 activation mimicked that of the PRC: for RVF presentation, activity in V2 was significantly higher in the left hemisphere for Familiar Configurations than for Part-Rearranged Novel Configurations, and for LVF presentation, the opposite effect was found in right hemisphere V2. We attribute these patterns in V2 to feedback from the PRC because receptive fields in V2 encompass parts but not configurations. These results reveal two new aspects of PRC function: (1) it is sensitive to the congruency between the familiarity of object configurations and the parts comprising those configurations and (2) it likely modulates familiarity responses in visual area V2. V V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…It has acquired an important status in cognitive science, where it features in some influential cognitive architectures such as Soar (e.g., Newell, 1990), ACT-R (e.g., Anderson, 1983;1993), and CLARION (e.g., Sun, 2002). It is intimately associated with the multiple memory system (MMS) model that distinguishes two main components to long-term memory, declarative and non-declarative memory (see, e.g., Milner et al, 1998;Squire & Wixted, 2011).…”

Section: Procedural/non-declarative Vs Declarative Representationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost in dissociation: The main paradigms in unconscious cognition

Augusto

2016

Consciousness and Cognition

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Contemporary studies in unconscious cognition are essentially founded on dissociation, i.e., on how it dissociates with respect to conscious mental processes and representations. This is claimed to be in so many and diverse ways that one is often lost in dissociation. In order to reduce this state of confusion we here carry out two major tasks: based on the central distinction between cognitive processes and representations, we identify and isolate the main dissociation paradigms; we then critically analyze their key tenets and reported findings.

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The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Memory Since H.M.

Cited by 607 publications

References 137 publications

Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation

Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation

The perirhinal cortex modulates V2 activity in response to the agreement between part familiarity and configuration familiarity

Lost in dissociation: The main paradigms in unconscious cognition

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