The clinicopathologic meaning of the nephrotic syndrome

Percutaneous Renal Biopsy

“…Therefore it is not surprising that glomerular changes of this nature have been described in a variety of clinical situations. 10 We have observed this lesion in patients with the nephrotic syndrome, asymptomatic persistent proteinuria, orthostatic proteinu¬ ria, and familial renal disease of uncertain etiology. Each of these patterns, in turn, may convey any one of several etiologic or prognostic implications.…”

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis and Persistent Hypocomplementaemia

“…Sim;lar 1951) but returns to normal as healing occurs, usually withiñ s have been described in patients with eight weeks of onset. The third component of complement phritis (Jones, 1957;Allen, 1955Allen, , 1962, (C3), identified immunoelectrophoretically as 83c/f3]Aand proliferative" glomerulonephritis globulin (Muller-Eberhard et al, 1960), follows a similar patrch et McGovern, 1964;Churg tern of behaviour (West et al, 1964). Low serum complement d Bouton, 1965;Heptinstall, 1966), and levels are also found during the active phase of )lementemic glomerulonephritis" (West glomerulonephritis complicating systemic lupus erythemaet al (1961), andRoyer et al (1962), tosus (Vaughan et al, 1951;Lange et al, 1960), returning to -ies of this lesion which they called normal as clinical remission occurs.…”

“…The whole group is unified by the glomerular appearance seen on renal biopsy, which consists of a unique combination of mesangial proliferation and capillary wall thickening. Such patients have been variously described as caseF of "chronic latent" or "subacute" nephritis (Addis, 1925(Addis, , 1948Bell, 1938) on clinical grounds; "hypocoroplementemic persistent glomerulonephritis" (West et al, 1965) on the basis of immunological findings; and "chronic lobular" (Allen, 1955(Allen, , 1962, "mixed membranous and proliferative" (Kark et al, 1958), "membranoproliferative" (Royer et al, 1962), and "mesangiocapillary" (Churg et al, 1970) glomerulonephritis morphologically.…”

The Nephrotic Syndrome in Secondary Syphilis

“…Recently, unobtrusive glomerular changes, usually designated as membranous glomerulonephritis (21,22), have been recognized with light microscopy in nephrotic disease of unknown etiology. These histologic alterations frequently are minimal and difficult to assess objectively, or they may be entirely absent (23).…”