The clinical anatomy of accessory mandibular canal in dentistry

Abstract

The mandibular canal is a conduit that allows the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle to transverse the mandible to supply the dentition, jawbone and soft tissue around the gingiva and the lower lip. It is not a single canal but an anatomical structure with multiple branches and variations. The branches are termed accessory, bifid or trifid canals depending on their number and configuration. A bifid mandibular canal is an anatomical variation reported more commonly than the trifid variant. Because of these variations, it is of the utmost importance to determine the exact location of the mandibular canal and to identify any branches arising from it prior to performing surgery in the mandible. This article reviews the prevalence, classification and morphometric measurements of these accessory mandibular canals, emphasizing their clinical significance.

Unilateral triple mandibular canal with double mandibular foramen: cone-beam computed tomography findings of an unexpected anatomical variant

“…To the best of our knowledge, the current report describes the CBCT findings of a novel anatomical variant characterized by the presence of a triple mandibular canal associated with a double mandibular foramen; a variant that is not included in the classification systems of mandibular canal branching [2,11], and that has not been reported previously.…”

Mandibular canal vs. inferior alveolar canal: Evidence‐based terminology analysis

“…The articles that were included in the IAC/IANC group were excluded from this group. The most recent, consecutive 50 articles containing “mandibular canal” but neither “inferior alveolar canal” nor “inferior alveolar nerve canal” were included (defined as the MC group) (Abd Fattah, Hariri, Nambiar, Abu Bakar, & Abdul Rahman, 2019; Al‐Shayyab, Qabba'ah, Alsoleihat, & Baqain, 2019; Alves, Dias, Mansa, & Machado, 2020; Arias et al, 2019; Bosykh, Turkina, Franco, Franco, & Makeeva, 2019; Bozkurt & Görürgöz, 2019; Burian et al, 2019; Cârstocea, Săndulescu, Hostiuc, & Rusu, 2020; M. H. Chen et al, 2019; Costa et al, 2019; Esposito et al, 2019; Felice et al, 2019; Felice, Barausse, Pistilli, Ippolito, & Esposito, 2019; Fistarol, De Stavola, Fincato, & Bressan, 2019; Freire, Nascimento, Vasconcelos, Freitas, & Haiter‐Neto, 2019; Friedrich, Matschke, & Wilczak, 2019; Iwanaga et al, 2020, 2020; Iwanaga, Wong, Kikuta, & Tubbs, 2019; Kalabalik & Aytuğar, 2019; Koç, Eroğlu, & Bilgili, 2019; Komal, Bedi, Wadhwani, Aurora, & Chauhan, 2020; K. C. Lee, Yoon, Philipone, & Peters, 2019; Liye et al, 2019; Matsuda, Yoshimura, & Sano, 2019; Matzen, Petersen, Schropp, & Wenzel, 2019; Matzen, Villefrance, Nørholt, Bak, & Wenzel, 2020; Munhoz, Arita, Nishimura, & Watanabe, 2019; Na et al, 2019; Ngeow & Chai, 2020a, 2020b; Nicol, Loncle, Pasquet, & Vacher, 2019; Okumuş & Dumlu, 2019; Oliveira et al, 2019; Ozdede, 2020; Pedersen, Matzen, Hermann, & Nørholt, 2019; Predoiu, Rusu, & Chiriţă, 2019; Puciło, Lipski, Sroczyk‐Jaszczyńska, Puciło, & Nowicka, 2020; Raju et al, 2019; Sahl, Alqahtani, Alqahtani, & Gallez, 2018; Satir, 2019; Sholapurkar & Davies, 2019; Sinha et al, 2019; Sun et al, 2019; Tereshchuk & Sukharev, 2019; Uğur Ay...…”

Importancia de la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico en el reconocimiento de la trayectoria y sus variantes anatómicas del canal mandibular. Una revisión de la literatura

“…En 1927 se describió en un estudio que, en el 60% de los casos, el CM es un túnel bien corticalizado y, en el 40%, este carece de cortical y es solo un pasaje en el trabeculado óseo ( 32 ). En 1971 se describieron tres tipos de posición en referencia al canal mandibular: tipo I, canal mandibular muy cerca de las raíces dentarias; tipo II, canal mandibular situado inferior a las molares; y tipo III, canal mandibular más posterior e inferior que los anteriores tipos ( 31,32 ).…”

“…El reconocer la localización, la configuración y las variaciones anatómicas del CM es importante para realizar procedimientos odontológicos a nivel de la mandíbula, como la colocación de implantes oseointegrados, extracciones de terceros molares, endodoncias, osteotomías sagitales de la rama y otras cirugías bucales, además de la realización de técnicas anestésicas ( 4,(28)(29)(30)(31) ). Todo procedimiento quirúrgico realizado en el sector posteroinferior de la mandíbula requiere particular conocimiento de la posición y trayectoria del CM, pues lo contrario puede afectar el éxito de los diferentes procedimientos quirúrgicos, complicar y alargar tratamientos, lo que genera repercusiones de tipo ético y médico-legal ( 2 ).…”