The Climate of the United States since 1895: Spatial and Temporal Changes

Diaz, Hendry F.; Quayle, Robert G.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1980)108<0249:tcotus>2.0.co;2

Cited by 94 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Yamamoto et al (1985b) indicated an abrupt increase of the time averaged temperature in Japan (Japan Meteorological Agency, 1984) and a decrease in the Arctic ) around 1950. Diaz and Quayle (1980 noticed that the past climate for about 100 years in the United States can be divided into 3 sub-periods by comparatively abrupt changes around 1921 and 1950, and that the winter temperature in the Western part changes in opposite to that in the Eastern.…”

Section: Preliminary Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Climatic Jump

Yamamoto

Iwashima

Sanga

et al. 1986

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Lorenz (1968, 1976) stated that regime transition in almost-intransitivity of nonlinear climatic system may play an important role in climatic change, and he suggested that climatic change associated with the transition may appear in interannual variabilities. Referring to Lorenz's suggestion, we will treat abrupt changes of time mean, designated as climatic jumps. A quantitative definition of jump and simple method of its detection are presented, noting that the time of jump appearance can be specified within a margin of several years. Some jumps are detected in time series of seasonal mean data of surface air temperature, sea level pressure, precipitation, sunshine duration and maximum depth of snow-cover averaged spatially over Japan. The fact that jumps appear commonly in various climatic elements around 1950 suggests an association of these jumps with some abrupt changes of the atmospheric general circulation.Concerning the cause of the jumps around 1950, we survey some change in external forcings. Big explosions of several volcanoes over the world occurred almost simultaneously with the jumps around 1950 after a pause of about 30 years. It is inadequate to assume that this volcanic activity would directly cause the jump in transitive system, because the possible climatic effect of volcanic eruption is mainly cooling and the jump of temperature is warming over Japan. However, further studies are needed for any definite conclusion on problem whether this reopening of volcanic activity would be a triggering action of the regime transition or not.

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Section: Preliminary Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Climatic Jump

Yamamoto

Iwashima

Sanga

et al. 1986

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…In the 1980s, several studies were published that investigated climate change on a national and global scale, using surface observations and remote sensing platforms (Diaz and Quayle, 1980). However, there were few studies that investigated climate on a local scale, using the full suite of observing locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of climate trends in North Carolina (1949–1998)

Boyles

Raman

2003

Environment International

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“…The North Atlantic Oscillation, in particular, displays teleconnections over a large part of the hemisphere. DIAZ and QUAYLE (1980) similarly find a dominant east-west mode of variation in large-scale annual anomalies over the United States for three subperiods within the records for . VAN LOON and WILLIAMS (1976b) note that a circulation connection is generally less obvious in summer, due to weaker temperature gradients and a lesser wave amplitude, but the associations they find over North America-Greenland for 1942-72 are in line with Keen's results {ibid, p. 125-30).…”

Section: Significance Of Circulation Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 69%

The nature and origin of climatic fluctuations in Northeastern North America

Barry

2011

gpq

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Features of the atmospheric circulation and climate of northeastern Canada are reviewed. In particular, the role of the upper level trough and its variability are discussed. It is shown that longitudinal displacements of the mean summer trough create anomalies of both air temperature and sea ice conditions in the region of Baffin Island. Climatic anomaly patterns in Labrador-Ungava and Keewatin associated with trough displacements are also summarized. Two examples of the application of such information to paleoclimat-ological questions are discussed. One concerns the influx of "exotic" tree pollen into Baffin Island and its previously postulated relationship to southerly airflow. It is concluded that pollen peaks cannot yet be reliably used as a paleowind index. The pattern of glacial inception and ice sheet extension during the Last Glacial Maximum is also briefly considered in the light of the available climatic information. Finally, the role of orbital variations affecting the seasonal pattern of solar radiation is discussed with reference to the last glacial cycle.Nous examinons ici les éléments de la circulation atmosphérique et du climat dans le nord-est du Canada. Nous nous attardons surtout au rôle et à la variabilité du creux barométrique supérieur. Nous voyons que les déplacements longitudinaux du creux barométrique estival moyen engendrent des anomalies tant au niveau des températures de l’air qu’à celui des conditions de la glace marine dans la région de l’île de Baffin. Nous résumons également les types d’anomalies climatiques affectant le Labrador-Ungava et le Keewatin, et associés aux déplacements du creux barométrique. Nous examinons deux cas où des données de ce genre ont été appliquées à des problèmes d’ordre paléoclimatique. Le premier porte sur la présence de pollen issu d’essences exotiques à l’île de Baffin et sur ses relations, considérées possibles, avec les courants atmosphériques venant du sud. Nous concluons qu’il n'est pas encore possible de se fonder sur l’abondance de pollen pour évaluer avec certitude les paléo-vents. Par ailleurs, à la lumière des données climatiques disponibles, nous nous sommes brièvement penchés sur l’amorce des glaciations et l’extension de la calotte glaciaire au cours du dernier maximum glaciaire. Enfin, nous étudions le rôle des variations de l’orbite terrestre, qui affectent selon les saisons le rayonnement solaire, en nous référant à la dernière période glaciaire.Die Karakterzüge der atmosphärischen Zirkulation und das Klima nord-ost Kanadas werden uberprüft. Besonders diskutiert wird die Rolle der Tiefdrucklagen in der Oberschicht und seine Variationen. Es wird gezeigt, dass longitudinale Verschiebungen des Durchschnitts Sommertiefs Anomalien sowohl in Lufttemperaturen als auch in See-Eis Verhältnissen in der Baffin Insel Gegend hervorrufen. Klimatische Anomalien in Labrador Ungava und Keewatin in Verbindung mit Tiefdruck verschiebungen sind auch erwähnt. Zwei Beispiele der Anwendung dieser Information auf paläoklimatische Fragen werden gezeigt. Eines beh...

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The Climate of the United States since 1895: Spatial and Temporal Changes

Cited by 94 publications

References 0 publications

An Analysis of Climatic Jump

An Analysis of Climatic Jump

Analysis of climate trends in North Carolina (1949–1998)

The nature and origin of climatic fluctuations in Northeastern North America

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