The Climate of Rebellion in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire

White, Sam

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511844058

Cited by 235 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 400 publications

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“…As described in Roberts et al (2012) aridity w1400e1900 AD during the LIA, with drought independently recorded in tree ring and historical sources from Anatolia 1580e1610 AD (Kuniholm, 1990;Touchan et al, 2007;White, 2011). Dd 18 O lakewater suggests a less seasonal climate at this time (zone 4).…”

Section: Implications For Near East Palaeoclimatologymentioning

confidence: 86%

Palaeo-seasonality of the last two millennia reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of carbonates and diatom silica from Nar Gölü, central Turkey

Dean

Jones

Leng

et al. 2013

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tCarbonates and diatoms are rarely deposited together in lake sediments in sufficient quantities for the oxygen isotope composition (d 18 O) to be investigated simultaneously from both hosts. Here, d 18 O carbonate are compared to d 18 O diatom data from the varved sediments of Nar Gölü, a closed lake in central Turkey, over the last 1710 years. Lake monitoring suggests carbonate is probably precipitated during MayeJune and d 18 O carbonate is a proxy for regional water balance. Diatom activity is mainly weighted towards the spring. At times between w301 and 561 AD, while d 18 O carbonate values are the highest for the entire 1710 year period, suggesting summer drought, d 18 O corrected-diatom values are among the lowest. d 18 O lakewatervalues estimated for the times of diatom growth and carbonate precipitation show large differences. We suggest this could be explained by increased snowmelt that formed a freshwater lid on the lake at the time of peak diatom growth. Increased snowmelt is also inferred w561e801 AD. From 801 AD to the present, precipitation is less winter-dominated, although increased snowmelt is inferred 921e1071 AD and in the latter part of the Little Ice Age (i.e. the mid to late 1800s AD). By combining oxygen isotope data from hosts that form in lakes at different times of the year, we show that such analyses can provide insights into palaeo-seasonality.

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Section: Implications For Near East Palaeoclimatologymentioning

confidence: 86%

Palaeo-seasonality of the last two millennia reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of carbonates and diatom silica from Nar Gölü, central Turkey

Dean

Jones

Leng

et al. 2013

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…These last authors reported that the late 16th and early 17th centuries in Anatolia were characterized by political, social, and climatic instability, which caused a large-scale change in land use and large sudden fluctuations in urban populations. White (2011) has also linked various Little Ice Age sociopolitical crises in the Ottoman Empire to tree-ring-reconstructed drought.…”

Section: Dendroclimatology and Atmospheric Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendroclimatology in the Eastern Mediterranean

2014

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Dendroclimatology in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) region has made important contributions to the understanding of climate variability on timescales of decades to centuries. These contributions, beginning in the mid-20th century, have value for resource management, archaeology, and climatology. A gradually expanding treering network developed by the first author over the past 15 years has been the framework for some of the most important recent advances in EM dendroclimatology. The network, now consisting of 79 sites, has been widely applied in large-scale climatic reconstruction and in helping to identify drivers of climatic variation on regional to global spatial scales. This article reviews EM dendroclimatology and highlights contributions on the national and international scale.

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“…Particularly for the Balkans and Serbia, this was a critical period in terms of political, social, economic and demographic changes. After several major conflicts with regional kingdoms in the early 1500s, the Ottoman Empire conquered the Balkans and for almost the next 160e170 years, instituted a number of systems for the management and provisioning of resources for its territories, all the while directing the expansion of the settlement and cultivation across the region (White, 2011). Both 16 th and 17 th Century Balkans enjoyed a relatively peaceful period with noteworthy commercial progress and significant increase in population (McEvedy and Jones, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%