The Chloroplast DNA Polymorphisms of White Oaks of Section Quercus in The Central Balkans

Abstract

A total of 444 oak trees from 110 populations from a previously under-sampled area in the central Balkans were analysed using four primer/enzyme combinations which amplified and restricted four, largely non-coding regions of the maternally inherited chloroplast DNA. Using the nomenclature of to classify the haplotypes and lineages, the seven haplotypes that were found in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Macedonia and southern Kosovo consisted of haplotypes 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 17, 31, as well as the subtypes of haplotypes 4 (a), 5 (a, b, c), and 17 (a). Five of these haplotypes belong to lineage A. One of these, haplotype 5, is present throughout the sampled area. The distributions of the other haplotypes from this lineage are more geographically structured. The other two haplotypes, haplotype 2 and haplotype 17, belong to lineages C and E, respectively. The data are combined with previous data by PETIT et al. (2002 b) to provide more detailed information of the postglacial routes of colonisation taken by oaks in south-eastern Europe.

Genetic Diversity of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) in Clonal Seed Orchards in Croatia, Assessed by Nuclear and Chloroplast Microsatellites

“…Some Croatian populations were also included in the study by Bordács et al [74], and analysed in detail by Slade et al [75]. In the area of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania and Kosovo they found seven cpRFLP haplotypes, four belonging to Balkan refuge lineage, two to Apennine, and one to Pyrenees or Southern Alpes lineage.…”

“…This points to great cpSSR diversity of our studied area. Since Croatia is situated on the crossroad of different recolonization routes [75], relatively close to some main refuges (Balkan and Apennine peninsula), it is not surprising to find great and well-preserved haplotypic diversity. The reason for differences between AMOVA partition of diversity between and within regions in this study (within-region diversity greater then between-region) and the study of overall Croatian populations [9] is in the sampling.…”

Preliminary characterization of the Quercus pubescens complex in southern Italy using molecular markers

“…Several reports on the population genetics of the white oaks Q. robur L., Q. petraea, Q. pubescens have been published for south-eastern Europe in the last two decades (Franjić et al 2006, Curtu et al 2007a, Jerše and Batič 2007, Slade et al 2008, Curtu et al 2009, Ballian et al 2010, Enescu et al 2013. In Italy, only few data are available.…”

Tracing the origin and species identity of Quercus robur and Quercus petraea in Europe: a review

“…In the past, agarose or polyacrylamide gels were used for the screening of SNP variation through PCR-RFLP (BALLIAN et al, 2010;CURTU et al, 2007b;DEGUILLOUX et al, 2003bDEGUILLOUX et al, , 2004DUMOLIN-LAPÈGUE et al, 1998;GAILING et al, 2003GAILING et al, , 2009PETIT et al, 2002b;SLADE et al, 2008) or for microsatellite genotyping (BAKKER et al, 2003;DEGEN et al, 1999). Nowadays, separation on capillary sequencers allows multiplexing of up to 12 micrsatellite loci (ALBERTO et al, 2010;BUSCHBOM et al, 2011;DEGEN et al, 2010;DERORY et al, 2010;GAILING et al, 2007b;GUGERLI et al, 2007;GUICHOUX et al, 2011;HOELTKEN et al, 2012;LEPAIS and GERBER, 2011;VIDALIS et al, 2013), which reduces the genotyping costs and strongly improve the sensitivity in case of poor amplification.…”

“…Four universal cpDNA fragments have been extensively studied and has shown a longitudinal genetic differentiation resulting from postglacial colonization patterns over Europe (PETIT et al, 2002a, b; see also Table 1) as well as variation at the regional level (BALLIAN et al, 2010;BORDACS et al, 2002;COTTRELL et al, 2002;CSAIKL et al, 2002a, b;FINESCHI et al, 2002;JENSEN et al, 2002;KÖNIG et al, 2002;OLALDE et al, 2002;PETIT et al, 1997PETIT et al, , 2002cSLADE et al, 2008). Genotyping was strongly facilitated by the development of PCR-RFLP techniques, which avoids expensive Sanger sequencing for genotyping at particular SNPs (DUMOLIN-LAPÈGUE et al, 1998;PETIT et al, 2002b).…”