Tracing the origin and species identity of Quercus robur and Quercus petraea in Europe: a review

Abstract

Traceability of forest material has received recently increasing interest and European regulations already apply on forest reproductive material and timber. DNA fingerprinting methods allow identification of species and control of geographic origin, providing that genetic reference data is available. In this review, we focus on the two economically important European oak species, Quercus robur and Q. petraea. We describe the available molecular markers and data, and discuss their applicability for traceability systems of forest reproductive material at a European scale. We also provide insights on the use of DNA fingerprinting on timber material.

The loops of the N-SH2 binding cleft do not serve as allosteric switch in SHP2 activation

“…This species is relatively distant genetically to both Q. petraea and Q. robur, belonging to a different section, so these data guided the choice of nuclear genes for better inferring phylogenetic relationships across 108 oak species (Hubert et al 2014). Bioinformatics tools and candidate genes annotated during the project were also useful to similar genes and SNP discovery approach in Quercus or more distant Fagaceae species (Rellstab et al 2016, Lalagüe et al 2014 Blanc-Jolivet et al 2015), or improving estimates of lifetime reproductive success and aiming to understand how demographic history and ecological drivers of selection affect spatial patterns of diversity or isolating barriers (Andrew et al 2013;e.g. Geraldes et al 2014).…”

Does the genetic diversity among pubescent white oaks in southern Italy, Sicily and Sardinia islands support the current taxonomic classification?

“…Nonetheless there are very few studies that addressed the problem of oak taxonomy using a multidisciplinary approach where molecular analyses are carried out in support of previous morphological analyses (Franjic et al 2006;Di Pietro et al 2016, 2020Musarella et al 2018). While it is true that cpDNA markers can be useful to establish the conformity of a given material to the populations of its origin and to trace possible routes of migration at a broad geographic scale, cpDNA provides limited taxonomic information on the systematic status of interfertile, sympatric species (see Curtu et al 2007a, b;Neophytou and Michiels 2013;Blanc-Jolivet and Liesebach 2015). In contrast, co-dominant markers, such as microsatellites, have successfully been tested to study genetic structures and distinguish oak species at regional or local scale (Degen et al 1999;Gomory 2000;Gugerli et al 2007;Guicoux et al 2011b;Hoeltken et al 2012).…”

Development of nuclear SNP markers for the timber tracking of the African tree species Sapelli, Entandrophragma cylindricum

“…Until now, only nuclear microsatellites (nSSRs) have been developed to study the mating system and gene flow (Garcia et al 2004;Lourmas et al 2007) and have been used to control the forest concession of origin (Jolivet and Degen 2012). New sets of nSNPs have been recently developed for other valuable tropical timber species for traceability purposes Jardine et al 2016;Pakull et al 2016) and present several advantages over nSSRs (Blanc-Jolivet and Liesebach 2015). Here we present a new set of nSNPs for E. cylindricum optimized for low-cost tracking of geographical origin.…”