“…First, diagnostic instruments have been developed that meticulously translate clinical diagnostic criteria into methods for identifying the same symptoms in nonreferred cases (Angold & Costello, 2000;Chambers et al, 1985;Costello, Edelbrock, Kalas, Kessler, & Klaric, 1982;Herjanic & Campbell, 1977;Hodges, McKnew, Cytryn, Stern, & Kline, 1982;Shaffer, Fisher, Lucas, Dulcan, & Schwab-Stone, 2000).…”