The Chemical Reactions of Tributyl Phosphate in the Solvent Extraction of Metals

Liddell, K.C.; Bautista, Renato G.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2274-8_16

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This can be accomplished through methods like neutralization or precipitation, recrystallization, solvent extraction, adsorption, membrane separation, electrochemical reduction, electrowinning, and ion exchange. , Finally, the metal recovery process concludes the hydrometallurgical process. This step involves employing techniques such as electrolysis, gaseous reduction, and precipitation to efficiently extract the desired metals from the solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Traditional and Intensified Hydrometallurgy Techniques to Remove Chromium and Vanadium from Solid Industrial Waste

Saidi,

El Khawaja,

Boffito

2023

ACS Eng. Au

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The continuous growth of industrial activities, driven by economic expansion and technological advancements, has increased industrial waste generation. These wastes often contain hazardous substances, including heavy metals. Their improper disposal has become a significant environmental and health concern, necessitating global attention. To address this issue and mitigate the scarcity and cost of raw materials, recycling waste materials has emerged as a viable solution, particularly in the synthesis of construction materials. Various methods, such as pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical techniques, have been established for recycling industrial waste. This Review focuses on hydrometallurgical techniques, specifically targeting the separation of two highly toxic heavy metals: chromium and vanadium. It comprehensively explores various hydrometallurgical methods, including acid, alkaline, organic, and oxidative leaching, for solid waste materials. Additionally, this Review highlights several intensified leaching processes assisted by electrical fields, supercritical fluids, plasma, microwaves, and ultrasound. The presented methods offer promising approaches to effectively manage industrial waste.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Traditional and Intensified Hydrometallurgy Techniques to Remove Chromium and Vanadium from Solid Industrial Waste

Saidi,

El Khawaja,

Boffito

2023

ACS Eng. Au

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“…This force to use the displasing extraction schemes [17][18], when part of the output concentrates returns to the stage of washing or saturation of the extractant: the lower is the separation coefficient, the relatively larger amount of concentrate have to be returned to the process, and, accordingly, less amount is removed from the scheme as concentrate. Tin chloride forms extraction compounds with TBP (SnCl 4 •nTBP and H 2 SnCl 6 •nTBP, where n = 2 or 3 [19]), so when it is added to the system, one can expect that extraction may follow a displacement mechanism without applying pure REE concentrates: more extractable compounds will displace tin into solution, and less extractable ones will remain in the raffinate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of silica-based sorbents to extraction of rare earth elements from loparite processing products

Муслимова¹,

Bujnovskij²,

Karakchieva³

et al. 2022

nfm

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Apatite and loparite are the main sources of rare earth elements (REE) in Russia. Loparite is a complex titanate and niobate containing up to 30% wt. of REE oxides predominantly of the cerium group. Extraction processing methods are used at the stages of group separation and separation of REE concentrates. Tributyl phosphate (TBP) is a widely used extracting agent for these purposes. Extraction technologies have a number of disadvantages, in particular, a large number of separation stages because of low separation coefficients of individual REE combined with difficulties in separating liquid phases. The use of TBP-containing sorbents allows to eliminate the latter disadvantage. Both organic polymers and inorganic compounds may be used as sorbent carriers; among inorganic ones, silica is widely used, and it was selected for this study. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of variations of the proposed methods for synthesis of silica and modified TBP based sorbents on their ability to extract REE from the solutions of loparite concentrate processing. The article briefly describes a procedure for sorbent samples synthesis. Tetraethoxysilane, tributyl phosphate, stannic chloride and nanotubes have been used as starting reagents for the synthesis. A number of physicochemical properties have been determined for the synthesized samples (pore volume and their average diameter, surface area and morphology, acid-base properties of the surface), and thermogravimetric analysis has been performed. The sorption properties of the samples have been tested by the example of REE extraction from process solutions of loparite working up. The separation coefficients of Sm/La pairs up to 3.7, Pr/Nd up to 1.8 were obtained; therefore, the studied samples may be potentially used for samarium isolation from the REE combination, as well as for Pr -Nd pair separation.

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The extraction of gallium from chloride solutions by emulsion liquid membrane: Optimization through response surface methodology

Asadian

Ahmadi

2020

Minerals Engineering

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The Chemical Reactions of Tributyl Phosphate in the Solvent Extraction of Metals

Cited by 3 publications

References 69 publications

A Review of Traditional and Intensified Hydrometallurgy Techniques to Remove Chromium and Vanadium from Solid Industrial Waste

A Review of Traditional and Intensified Hydrometallurgy Techniques to Remove Chromium and Vanadium from Solid Industrial Waste

Application of silica-based sorbents to extraction of rare earth elements from loparite processing products

The extraction of gallium from chloride solutions by emulsion liquid membrane: Optimization through response surface methodology

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