Abstract:Apatite and loparite are the main sources of rare earth elements (REE) in Russia. Loparite is a complex titanate and niobate containing up to 30% wt. of REE oxides predominantly of the cerium group. Extraction processing methods are used at the stages of group separation and separation of REE concentrates. Tributyl phosphate (TBP) is a widely used extracting agent for these purposes. Extraction technologies have a number of disadvantages, in particular, a large number of separation stages because of low separa… Show more
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