The chemical composition of the epicuticle of wool

Schuringa, G.J.; Isings, J.; Ultée, A. J.

doi:10.1016/0006-3002(52)90190-x

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Although epicuticle protein can be hydrolyzed by the action of strong alkalies at an elevated temperature [7], most practical cases of alkali damage do not show damage of the epicuticle; the retardation of the appearance of the Allw6rden bubbles can be explained by a stabilization of the underlying proteins by formation of lanthionine linkages [3]. Oxidizing agents do not attack the epicuticle protein in such a way that the Allworden reaction is impeded.…”

Section: Delft Hollandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic Active Substances of the Allwörden Reaction

Schuringa¹,

Konings²,

Ultée³

1953

Textile Research Journal

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Section: Delft Hollandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic Active Substances of the Allwörden Reaction

Schuringa¹,

Konings²,

Ultée³

1953

Textile Research Journal

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“…Although no histidine was found in the epicuticle, Schuringa et al [16] reported the presence of an unusually high percentage of this amino acid in epicuticle. However, these workers prepared their epicuticle samples by bromination and by sodium sulfide treatment, and they have pointed out [16] that the chemical composition of the membrane seems to be affected by the method of isolation employed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It would be quite natural to assume that at least a part of these structural differences lies in the presence of different amino acids in the molecular chains of each of the several distinct protein species. Several investigators [4, 10, 16,17,18,19] have explored this possibility qualitatively, only to find that, almost without exception, the amino acids present in wool as a whole are present in each of its histological components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Amino Acid Compositions of Several Wool Fractions as Determined by Paper Chromatography

Golden

Whitwell

Mercer

1955

Textile Research Journal

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A paper chromatographic study of the amino acid compositions of several histological fractions of wool has been conducted. The fractions considered were epicuticle, cortical cell membranes, paracortex, and regenerated oxidized keratin. Samples of these fractions were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid, and quantitative analyses of the amino acid content of these hydrolysates were accomplished through a modification of the standard two-dimensional paper chromatographic technique. The epicuticle was found to contain normal amounts of cystine but extraordinarily large quantities of aspartic acid and glutamic acid. In addition to confirming the results of the phosphotungstic acid analyses for cystine reported in a previous paper [14], the chromatographic studies of the paracortex showed large amounts of the basic and small amounts of the dicarboxylic amino acids to be present. The extremely low total of amino acid content found in the cortical cell membranes indicated the possible presence of some nonprotein constituent.

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“…It is insoluble in common solvents. A few attempts to make chemical and x-ray analyses have been reported [10,15,37,38,39] . The results indicate that the epicuticle has a structure different from that of ordinary wool keratin, but some investigators (Lagermalm and Gralen) have stressed that it is very difficult to obtain an epicuticle specimen free from impurities; consequently, it is difficult to interpret the results obtained from these investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Various Surface Properties of Wool Fibers

Lindberg¹

1953

Textile Research Journal

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Wool fibers were steeped in alcoholic potash for different periods of time. The mechanical properties and swelling properties of these fibers were investigated, and the results obtained indicate that the potash treatments do not influence these properties. The Allwörden reaction was studied, and the results obtained show that the reaction time for the characteristic bubbles to appear is determined by the reaction rate between the chlorine and the keratin of the wool fiber. The epicuticle of the fibers, however, must be intact. It is further shown that the results of most staining reactions are dependent upon the properties of the epicuticle.

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The chemical composition of the epicuticle of wool

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Osmotic Active Substances of the Allwörden Reaction

Osmotic Active Substances of the Allwörden Reaction

The Amino Acid Compositions of Several Wool Fractions as Determined by Paper Chromatography

Relationship Between Various Surface Properties of Wool Fibers

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