The Characterization of Soil Minerals by Infrared Spectroscopy

Farmer, V. C.; Palmieri, F.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-65917-1_17

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 374 publications

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“…This pair of bands is typical of muscovite and other aluminous dioctahedral 2:1 layer silicates, although the precise positions may vary somewhat because of variations in composition (Farmer and Palmieri, 1975). The trioctahedral layer silicates, on the other hand, have a deep band near 450-470 cm -1 and only a very small band near 530 cm -].…”

Section: Infrared Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Vanadium Chlorite from a Sandstone-Hosted Vanadium-Uranium Deposit, Henry Basin, Utah

Whitney

Northrop

1986

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--An unusual vanadium chlorite precipitated during the formation of a vanadium-uranium ore deposit in the Henry Basin, southeastern Utah. The ore deposit formed by reduction and precipitation of U and V in the presence of organic matter at the interface between a stagnant brine and overlying, circulating meteoric water. Some samples of the vanadium chlorite (heated before analysis) contain > 10% V20~. In fresh samples, most of the vanadium is in the trivalent oxidation state. X-ray powder diffraction data suggest that Fe and V are concentrated preferentially in the interlayer hydroxide sheets of the chlorite. A d(060) value of 1.52 ,~ indicates that the chlorite probably has a dioctahedral structure which is distended by the presence of octahedral Fe and V. The vanadium ore zone is flanked by peripheral zones containing perfectly ordered chlorite/smectite. This chlorite/smectite contains much less V than the pure chlorite. This chlorite may have formed by the progressive precipitation of vanadium-rich interlayer hydroxide sheets in the mixed-layer chlorite/smectite in the most reducing portion of the ore zone. The pure chlorite is a 11b polytype, which, for nonvanadiferous analogs, is ordinarily found in high-temperature environments; however, no evidence exists to show that these rocks have ever been exposed to elevated temperatures. In fact, the presence of unreacted smectite in a potassium-rich setting and the low vi~rinite reflectance of coalified plant debris indicate a low-temperature history for these sediments.

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Section: Infrared Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Vanadium Chlorite from a Sandstone-Hosted Vanadium-Uranium Deposit, Henry Basin, Utah

Whitney

Northrop

1986

Clays and clay miner.

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“…Região do espectro retirada Critério De acordo com Farmer & Palmieri (1975), as principais vibrações de filossilicatos podem ser separadas em vibrações de estiramento (υ) e vibrações angulares (δ) de hidroxilas e óxido de silício: υOH (3.400-3.750 cm -1 ), δOH (600-950 cm -1 ), υSi-O (700-1.200 cm -1 ) e δSi-O (150-600 cm -1 ). Já as bandas em 1.050 cm -1 e entre 900 e 400 cm -1 são atribuídas a minerais de argila e ao quartzo (Pirie et al, 2005).…”

Section: Driftsunclassified

“…De acordo com Farmer & Palmieri (1975), a espectroscopia no infravermelho é uma das poucas técnicas que podem render informação sobre a estrutura e a composição de fases amorfas, como o solo moído, sendo uma ferramenta útil na caracterização molecular de espécies inorgânicas. Mais de uma centena de amostras podem ser analisadas por dia, com a possibilidade de alimentar um amostrador automático acoplado ao equipamento.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Espectroscopia de infravermelho na determinação da textura do solo

Ferraresi¹,

Silva²,

Martin‐Neto³

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMO A aplicação de técnicas espectroscópicas que utilizam a radiação infravermelha (NIRS-Near Infrared Spectroscopy e DRIFTS-Diffuse Reflectance FourierTransformed Spectroscopy) na análise inorgânica do solo tem sido proposta desde a década de 1970, mas até os dias atuais são raros os métodos implementados rotineiramente no Brasil. Isso deve-se à dificuldade em construir modelos de calibração, por meio de métodos estatísticos multivariados, utilizando-se amostras reais de solo, de constituição complexa, que varia geograficamente e de acordo com o manejo. Por isso, os objetivos deste trabalho foram construir modelos de calibração em NIRS e DRIFTS para a quantificação das frações de argila e areia, em amostras de solos de classes diferentes -Latossolo Vermelho (predominante), Nitossolo, Argissolo Vermelho e Neossolo Quartzarênico -e avaliar qual dessas duas técnicas é mais adequada para essa finalidade, assim como a interferência do agrupamento de amostras e da seleção de variáveis espectrais na qualidade desses modelos. Para isso, valores de referência obtidos pelo método do densímetro, método largamente utilizado nos laboratórios de análise de solo, foram correlacionados com valores de absorbância em NIRS e DRIFTS pela ferramenta estatística PLS (Partial Least Squares), obtendo-se altos coeficientes de determinação (R 2 ), de 0,95, 0,90 e 0,91 para argila, silte e areia, respectivamente, na validação externa. Isso confirma a aplicabilidade das técnicas espectroscópicas na análise granulométrica do solo para fins agrícolas. O agrupamento das amostras segundo a localização e a seleção de variáveis espectrais pouco influenciou na qualidade dos modelos. A técnica espectroscópica mais indicada para essa finalidade foi a DRIFTS.Termos de indexação: granulometria do solo, técnicas espectroscópicas, radiação infravermelha, Latossolo, argila.

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“…2), were tied to clay particles. As far as the infrared analyses are concerned, the bands at 793 and 694 cm -1 , and 3,430 and 1,635 cm -1 were assigned to quartz and hygroscopic water (Farmer and Palmieri 1975), respectively. The frequencies at 3,698, 3,624 and 913 cm -1 were related to montmorillonite (Hajjaji et al 2001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromate adsorption on acid-treated and amines-modified clay

Hajjaji

Beraa

2014

Appl Water Sci

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Acid-treated montmorillonite-rich clay and amines (methylamine, morpholine, and aniline)-modified clay adsorbents were investigated and their abilities to remove chromate from aqueous solution were studied. For the later purpose, kinetic studies were carried out under different operating conditions (chromate concentration, adsorbent content, and temperature), and adsorption isotherm measurements were performed. It was found that the kinetic of adsorption was fast and the data followed the pseudo-second rate equation. The rate of adsorption was controlled by the intra-particle diffusion and mass transfer through the liquid film, and the relative importance of these limiting steps depended on the operating conditions. Chromate adsorption was an endothermic process and took place spontaneously by physisorption. The free energy at 25 B T B 40°C varied from -1.5 to -46 kJ/mol. Adsorption isotherms of Na ? -saturated clay (AN), acidtreated clay (AA), and methylamine-clay and morpholineclay (A-Me, A-Mo) were type V, whereas those of aniline-clay (A-An) were type III. The estimated maximum uptakes were 105, 29, 15, 11, and 10 mmol/kg for A-An, AN, A-Mo, AA, and A-Me, respectively. The mechanism of chromate adsorption was discussed based on the shape of the isotherms. Considering for instance the most efficient absorbent (A-An), the isotherm followed the Freundlich equation and hydrogen chromate (the main stable form at working pH) adsorbed to solid particles once aniline species were entirely desorbed.

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The Characterization of Soil Minerals by Infrared Spectroscopy

Cited by 29 publications

References 374 publications

Vanadium Chlorite from a Sandstone-Hosted Vanadium-Uranium Deposit, Henry Basin, Utah

Vanadium Chlorite from a Sandstone-Hosted Vanadium-Uranium Deposit, Henry Basin, Utah

Espectroscopia de infravermelho na determinação da textura do solo

Chromate adsorption on acid-treated and amines-modified clay

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