The changing trend in songbirds’ abundance, variety and physical condition in Connecticut’s forestry habitat

Lawlor, Kelly; Meng, Yunliang

doi:10.2478/fsmu-2019-0002

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Large-scale changes in regional faunas (caused inter alia by human activities) are now observed practically throughout the Palearctic, therefore, the importance of elucidating the patterns of faunogenesis and predicting its development is constantly increasing [1,8,14,16]. In this regard, we also pay attention to the types of faunas that form communities of nesting birds in the forest parks of megacities of the forest-steppe zone in Ukraine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birds diversity and faunogenetic structure of avifauna in forests parks of two megalopolises (Ukraine)

Shupova¹,

Чаплыгина

2021

Biol. Stud.

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Background. In the 21st century, landscape transformation processes are underway in large cities, which affects the stability of wildlife habitats. Habitat transformations often reduce species richness due to a decrease in the population sizes of some species, and therefore, small in number and rare species are eliminated from bird communities. Rare species can have unique consortive relationships, which makes them particularly important for the long-term ecosystem functioning. A study of the avifauna of forest parks makes it possible to develop an algorithm for the coexistence of human and birds. Methods. The number and distribution of birds were determined by route counting. The total length of the fixed route was 5.7 km in Kyiv and 3.5 km in Kharkiv. On each route, observations were carried out annually with three repetitions during the nesting period when the birds are most attached to their habitats (end of April–May–June). The average data for the total study period (2013–2017) were calculated for each city. For the average number, the standard deviation was calculated. An analysis of the faunogenetic structure of avifauna was carried out according to the method developed by V.P. Belik. A faunogenetic complex is a group of animal species associated by a common origin with ecosystems of a certain landscape-geographical zone. We also classified bird species into ecological groups according to the patterns of microhabitat choice. To compare the α-diversity of bird in the forest-park zones of cities, a number of commonly accepted indices that express the correlation between the number and density of species were calculated: 1) Berger–Parker dominance index: DBP = Nimax / N; 2) Shannon diversity index: H´ = -∑(Pi × LnPi); 3) Pielou evenness index: E = H´ / LnS; where: Nі– the number of each species; Nimax – the maximum value of Nі; N = ∑Ni – the total number of all species (pairs/km); Pi = Ni / N – the ratio of each species; S – total number of the species. Results. The study presents a comparative analysis of diversity and faunogenetic structure of avifauna in the forest park zones of Kyiv and Kharkiv, inhabited by 71 breeding species of birds that belong to 10 orders. In the eastern region, the proportion of birds of the boreal and the European forest-steppe complex decreases, but the share of the desert-mountain complex increases. The fauna of the European nemoral complex dominates (32.8 % in Kyiv and 40.4 % in Kharkiv). The basis of the communities are dendrophils: 83.6 % (n = 67) in Kyiv and 82.7 % (n = 52) in Kharkiv. The dominant species in all forest parks are the great tit (Parus major) and chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs). Conclusions. The differences in the faunogenetic structure of bird communities are due to the proximity of model forest parks on the territory of Kyiv to the forest natural geographical zone, and on the territory of Kharkiv to the steppe, which leads in the eastern region to a decrease in the proportion of birds of the boreal and the European forest-steppe complex while the proportion of desert-mountain complex increases. Dendrophils predominate significantly, and the share of sclerophils and limnophils in total is less than 20 % of the bird community in the forest parks of each city. As a consequence of the fragmentation of the Kiev forest park zone, the diversity of nesting birds communities in the forest-park zone of Kyiv is slightly lower than of Kharkiv, and the pressure of the dominant species is more significant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birds diversity and faunogenetic structure of avifauna in forests parks of two megalopolises (Ukraine)

Shupova¹,

Чаплыгина

2021

Biol. Stud.

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“…In the current century, landscape transformation continues, which affects the stability of the animal habitat (Grimm et al, 2008), leads to the elimination of native species that have not adapted to the impact of the excessive urbanistic press (Ditchkoff et al, 2006), to a reduction in the number of stenotopic bird species, and a decrease in species richness due to the downsizing of some species populations (Martin and Joron, 2003; Felton et al, 2016), and a decrease in species richness due to the downsizing of some species populations. The main threat to songbirds is habitat loss (Lawlor and Meng, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nesting Bird Communities of Urban Forest Parks Suffer from Recreational Load (on the Example of Kyiv, Ukraine)

Shupova¹,

Gaychenko²,

Raichuk³

2023

Preprint

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The urban environment has a complex effect on the forest diversity. Birds are a suitable object for diagnostic of ecosystem disturbances. The urban recreation load in forest parks was estimated using the author's methodology according to the total points. To analyze the urban recreation load, we took the characteristics of the forest park and the surrounding landscapes, which are important for the birds' life, the nesting result, and stable population maintenance: the share of urbanized territory; the share of the territory with unorganized recreation; forest park attendance; the presence of freely rambling pets. The number and distribution of birds were determined by registrations of birds along transects in May-June 2017 and 2018. From 30 to 54 bird species nest in each forest park with an average density of from 1.6 (SD: 0.4) to 3.8 (SD: 0.9) pairs/ha. Parus major L., Fringilla coelebs L., Turdus merula L., sometimes Sturnus vulgaris L., Erithacus rubecula L., Turdus pilaris L. are dominant in communities. Urban recreation load leads to a change in the bird nesting strategy, the composition of their communities contributes to the extinction of non-synanthropized species, reduces the abundance of ground-nesters. This leads to a decrease in the number of their populations and some species impoverishment. The synanthropy index of nesting bird communities was from 0.38 to 0.57. A positive correlation between the urban recreation load and the synanthropy index (0.75), Berger-Parker index (0.40), a relative abundance of hollow nesters (0.59), and a negative correlation with the abundance of ground nesters (-0.59) were revealed. To minimize the negative impact of the recreational load on bird communities, to preserve vulnerable species at nesting and maintain the species diversity of avifauna, it is necessary to create areas in forest parks protected from hiking, display in geducational advertising on the importance of preserving animals and their habitats

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Formation of nesting bird communities in parks on the gradient of anthropic load in Kiev metropolis

Shupova¹,

Koniakin²

2020

Branta

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In settlements, safe places for birds nesting and feeding need to be created. The purpose of the work is to assess the state and identify vectors of the formation of nesting bird communities in parks under the pressure of anthropic load in the metropolis. In parks of Kyiv 62 species of birds nest. Such faunogenetic complexes like European nemoral (25.0–53.3%), Desert-mountain (12.0–27.8%) and Forest-steppe (6.9–25.0%) prevail. The number of community species in each of parks is 49–12, the average nesting density is 0.08±0.02–0.9±0.19 pairs / ha, and the dispersion is 0.12–1.62. With the combination of anthropic load on biotopes of more than 140 points with a small area of parks (2.0–16.5 ha), the species composition of communities decreases, and the average nesting density and density dispersion increase. Dominated by density: Parus major, Columba livia, Sturnus vulgaris, Turdus merula, Passer domesticus, Passer montanus, Fringilla coelebs, Columba palumbus, Apus apus, Ficedula albicollis, Erithacus rubecula, Turdus pilaris. All birds in communities are obligate synanthropes (12.9%; n=62) or hemisinanthropes. Obligate synanthropes are distributed in communities of 0-7 species. According to the gradient of increasing anthropic load on parks, logarithmic trends show a slight increase in the percentage share of obligate synanthropes in the species composition and in the number of breeding pairs. 47–70% nest on trees, 0–14.3% in shrubs, 0–13.0% on ground and in buildings. In parks, birds (16–38% of the species composition), in addition to using species-specific stations, nest in the cavities of buildings. Such species like Motacilla alba L., Sturnus vulgaris, Ficedula albicollis, Muscicapa striata Pallas, Erithacus rubecula, Parus major, Passer domesticus, Passer montanus nest in this way. Due to this nesting strategy, the need of the birds in hollows and the dependence on the woodpeckers in the community decreases. High parameters of the Shannon index (1.51–3.14) and Pielou index (0.61–0.95) were revealed, with low data of the Berger-Parker index (0.15–0.61). With an anthropic load of more than 160 points, there is a sharp decrease in species diversity, evenness of species, and increased dominance pressure. Cluster analysis showed the division of bird communities into similarity groups according to the area of the parks, the proximity of parks to the outskirts of the city and large forest tracts of the area and specifics of the anthropic load.

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The changing trend in songbirds’ abundance, variety and physical condition in Connecticut’s forestry habitat

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Birds diversity and faunogenetic structure of avifauna in forests parks of two megalopolises (Ukraine)

Birds diversity and faunogenetic structure of avifauna in forests parks of two megalopolises (Ukraine)

Nesting Bird Communities of Urban Forest Parks Suffer from Recreational Load (on the Example of Kyiv, Ukraine)

Formation of nesting bird communities in parks on the gradient of anthropic load in Kiev metropolis

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